महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-31, verse-4

न हि तेऽध्यगमञ्जातु तदानीं नाद्य भारत ।
धर्मात्प्रियतरं किंचिदपि चेज्जीवितादिह ॥४॥

4. na hi te'dhyagamañjātu tadānīṁ nādya bhārata ,
dharmātpriyataraṁ kiṁcidapi cejjīvitādiha.

4. na hi te adhyagaman jātu tadānīm na adya bhārata
dharmāt priyataraṃ kiṃcit api cet jīvitāt iha

4. For neither then nor today, O Bhārata, have they ever understood anything dearer than natural law (dharma), not even life itself, in this world.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not

• हि (hi) - indeed, for

• ते (te) - referring to the Pāṇḍavas (they)

• अध्यगमन् (adhyagaman) - they understood, they found, they attained

• जातु (jātu) - ever, at any time

• तदानीम् (tadānīm) - then, at that time

• न (na) - not

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (referring to Yudhiṣṭhira) (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

• धर्मात् (dharmāt) - from dharma, than dharma

• प्रियतरं (priyataraṁ) - dearer, more beloved

• किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything, something

• अपि (api) - even, also

• चेत् (cet) - if

• जीवितात् (jīvitāt) - from life, than life

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, for

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - referring to the Pāṇḍavas (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अध्यगमन् (adhyagaman) - they understood, they found, they attained

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of adhyagaman

From adhi-√gam (to go over, study, understand, obtain), 3rd person plural, imperfect tense (or aorist)

Prefix: adhi

Root: gam (class 1)

जातु (jātu) - ever, at any time

(indeclinable)

तदानीम् (tadānīm) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (referring to Yudhiṣṭhira) (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a warrior

धर्मात् (dharmāt) - from dharma, than dharma

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, duty, natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature

From √dhṛ (to uphold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Used here for comparison: 'dearer than dharma'.

प्रियतरं (priyataraṁ) - dearer, more beloved

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of priyatara

priyatara - dearer, more beloved, more agreeable

Comparative degree of priya (dear)

किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything, something

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

चेत् (cet) - if

(indeclinable)

जीवितात् (jīvitāt) - from life, than life

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, living

Past Passive Participle

From √jīv (to live)

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Used here for comparison: 'dearer than life'.

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)