महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-31, verse-27

अज्ञो जन्तुरनीशोऽयमात्मनः सुखदुःखयोः ।
ईश्वरप्रेरितो गच्छेत्स्वर्गं नरकमेव च ॥२७॥

27. ajño janturanīśo'yamātmanaḥ sukhaduḥkhayoḥ ,
īśvaraprerito gacchetsvargaṁ narakameva ca.

27. ajñaḥ jantuḥ anīśaḥ ayam ātmanaḥ sukha-duḥkhayoḥ
īśvara-preritaḥ gacchet svargam narakam eva ca

27. This ignorant living being (jantu) is not the master of its own happiness and sorrow; impelled by the Supreme Lord (īśvara), it goes to heaven or indeed to hell.

27. היצור הבורה הזה אינו שולט בסבלו ובאושרו, ובהנעת הריבון (אִישְׁוַרַה) הוא הולך אל השמיים, ואף אל הגיהינום.

Words meanings summery:

• अज्ञः (ajñaḥ) - ignorant (ignorant, unwise, unknowing)

• जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - living being (living being, creature, man, animal)

• अनीशः (anīśaḥ) - not the master of (powerless, helpless, not master of)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (living being) (this, he)

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of its own (happiness and sorrow) (of the self, of one's own)

• सुख-दुःखयोः (sukha-duḥkhayoḥ) - of happiness and sorrow (of happiness and sorrow, of joy and pain)

• ईश्वर-प्रेरितः (īśvara-preritaḥ) - impelled by the Supreme Lord (īśvara) (impelled by the Lord, moved by God)

• गच्छेत् (gacchet) - it goes (potential sense for certainty) (should go, may go, would go)

• स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven (heaven, paradise)

• नरकम् (narakam) - hell (hell, underworld)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, truly, only, just)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

Words meanings and morphology

अज्ञः (ajñaḥ) - ignorant (ignorant, unwise, unknowing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ajña

ajña - ignorant, unwise, unknowing, fool

Compound of a- (not) and jña (knowing)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jña)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle
• jña – knowing, understanding
  adjective (masculine)
  From √jñā (to know)
  Root: √jñā (class 9)

जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - living being (living being, creature, man, animal)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jantu

jantu - living being, creature, man, animal, person

From √jan (to be born, produce)

Root: √jan (class 4)

अनीशः (anīśaḥ) - not the master of (powerless, helpless, not master of)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anīśa

anīśa - powerless, helpless, not master of, unable

Compound of an- (not) and īśa (master, powerful)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+īśa)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle, becomes 'an' before a vowel.
• īśa – master, lord, ruler, powerful
  noun (masculine)
  From √īś (to rule, command)
  Root: √īś (class 2)

अयम् (ayam) - this (living being) (this, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Nominative singular masculine form of the pronoun idam

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of its own (happiness and sorrow) (of the self, of one's own)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, essence, spirit, breath

Root: √an (class 2)

सुख-दुःखयोः (sukha-duḥkhayoḥ) - of happiness and sorrow (of happiness and sorrow, of joy and pain)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, dual of sukha-duḥkha

sukha-duḥkha - happiness and sorrow, joy and pain

Dvandva compound of sukha (happiness) and duḥkha (sorrow)

Compound type : dvandva (sukha+duḥkha)

• sukha – happiness, joy, pleasure, ease
  noun (neuter)
• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering, misery
  noun (neuter)

ईश्वर-प्रेरितः (īśvara-preritaḥ) - impelled by the Supreme Lord (īśvara) (impelled by the Lord, moved by God)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of īśvara-prerita

īśvara-prerita - impelled by the Lord, moved by God, instigated by divine power

Compound of īśvara (Lord) and prerita (impelled)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (īśvara+prerita)

• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god, Supreme Being
  noun (masculine)
  From √īś (to rule, command) + varac suffix
  Root: √īś (class 2)
• prerita – impelled, instigated, sent, driven
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √ir (to move, excite) with prefix pra- and causative ṇic
  Prefix: pra
  Root: √ir (class 2)

गच्छेत् (gacchet) - it goes (potential sense for certainty) (should go, may go, would go)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of gacchet

Optative Active

3rd person singular optative active from √gam (to go)

Root: √gam (class 1)

स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven (heaven, paradise)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, paradise, celestial realm

नरकम् (narakam) - hell (hell, underworld)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of naraka

naraka - hell, underworld, infernal regions

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, truly, only, just)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

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