महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-29, verse-35

मृदुर्भवत्यवज्ञातस्तीक्ष्णादुद्विजते जनः ।
काले प्राप्ते द्वयं ह्येतद्यो वेद स महीपतिः ॥३५॥

35. mṛdurbhavatyavajñātastīkṣṇādudvijate janaḥ ,
kāle prāpte dvayaṁ hyetadyo veda sa mahīpatiḥ.

35. mṛduḥ bhavati avajñātaḥ tīkṣṇāt udvijate janaḥ
kāle prāpte dvayam hi etat yaḥ veda saḥ mahīpatiḥ

35. One who is gentle (mṛdu) is despised, and people are repelled by one who is harsh. Indeed, a king (mahīpati) is one who knows how to apply both of these at the appropriate time.

Words meanings summery:

• मृदुः (mṛduḥ) - gentle, soft, mild

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is

• अवज्ञातः (avajñātaḥ) - despised, insulted, disregarded

• तीक्ष्णात् (tīkṣṇāt) - from a harsh person, from harshness

• उद्विजते (udvijate) - is repelled, shrinks from, is agitated

• जनः (janaḥ) - people, person, man

• काले (kāle) - at the time, in time

• प्राप्ते (prāpte) - arrived, obtained

• द्वयम् (dvayam) - a pair, a couple, both

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• एतत् (etat) - this, these (two)

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• वेद (veda) - knows

• सः (saḥ) - he

• महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - king, lord of the earth

Words meanings and morphology

मृदुः (mṛduḥ) - gentle, soft, mild

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛdu

mṛdu - soft, gentle, mild, weak

भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present tense, active voice, 3rd person singular.

Root: bhū (class 1)

अवज्ञातः (avajñātaḥ) - despised, insulted, disregarded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avajñāta

avajñāta - despised, disregarded, insulted

Past Passive Participle

Formed from ava-jñā (to disregard, despise). Nominative singular masculine.

Prefix: ava

Root: jñā (class 9)

तीक्ष्णात् (tīkṣṇāt) - from a harsh person, from harshness

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of tīkṣṇa

tīkṣṇa - sharp, harsh, severe, pungent

उद्विजते (udvijate) - is repelled, shrinks from, is agitated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of udvij

Present tense, middle voice, 3rd person singular. Formed from ud-vij (to tremble, be agitated).

Prefix: ud

Root: vij (class 6)

जनः (janaḥ) - people, person, man

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jana

jana - person, people, man, creature

काले (kāle) - at the time, in time

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time

प्राप्ते (prāpte) - arrived, obtained

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, arrived, reached

Past Passive Participle

Formed from pra-āp (to obtain, reach). Locative singular masculine.

Prefixes: pra+ā

Root: āp (class 5)

द्वयम् (dvayam) - a pair, a couple, both

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dvaya

dvaya - a pair, a couple, both, two-fold

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this, these (two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Nominative singular neuter.

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Nominative singular masculine.

वेद (veda) - knows

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vid

Present tense (or perfect tense used as present), active voice, 3rd person singular.

Root: vid (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Nominative singular masculine.

महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - king, lord of the earth

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahīpati

mahīpati - king, lord of the earth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pati)

• mahī – earth, land
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)