महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-29, verse-11

आददीरन्नधिकृता यथाकाममचेतसः ।
प्रदिष्टानि च देयानि न दद्युर्भर्तृशासनात् ॥११॥

11. ādadīrannadhikṛtā yathākāmamacetasaḥ ,
pradiṣṭāni ca deyāni na dadyurbhartṛśāsanāt.

11. ādadhīran adhikṛtāḥ yathākāmam acetasaḥ
pradiṣṭāni ca deyāni na dadyuḥ bhartṛśāsanāt

11. The authorized but irresponsible individuals should take things as they desire. And they should not give what is prescribed and ought to be given, citing the master's command.

Words meanings summery:

• आदधीरन् (ādadhīran) - they should take, they should accept

• अधिकृताः (adhikṛtāḥ) - authorized ones, appointed ones, officials

• यथाकामम् (yathākāmam) - as desired, according to wish

• अचेतसः (acetasaḥ) - irresponsible (thoughtless, mindless, unconscious, irrational)

• प्रदिष्टानि (pradiṣṭāni) - ordered, prescribed, appointed

• च (ca) - and, also

• देयानि (deyāni) - to be given, proper to be given, gifts

• न (na) - not, no

• दद्युः (dadyuḥ) - they should give

• भर्तृशासनात् (bhartṛśāsanāt) - citing the master's command (from the master's command, due to the lord's order)

Words meanings and morphology

आदधीरन् (ādadhīran) - they should take, they should accept

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, optative (liṅ) of dā

Optative Mood, 3rd Person Plural, Ātmanepada

From root dā (to give), with prefix ā, in the optative mood, 3rd person plural, ātmanepada. The root 'dā' with 'ā' prefix often means 'to take'.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

अधिकृताः (adhikṛtāḥ) - authorized ones, appointed ones, officials

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of adhikṛta

adhikṛta - authorized, appointed, in charge

Past Passive Participle

Formed from prefix adhi + root kṛ (to do), as a past passive participle used as a noun.

Prefix: adhi

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to male individuals in authority.

यथाकामम् (yathākāmam) - as desired, according to wish

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhāva compound, yathā (as) + kāmam (desire).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+kāma)

• yathā – as, like, in the manner of
  indeclinable
• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  From root kam (to desire).
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adverb.

अचेतसः (acetasaḥ) - irresponsible (thoughtless, mindless, unconscious, irrational)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of acetas

acetas - thoughtless, mindless, irrational, unconscious

Compound of a (negation) + cetas (mind, consciousness).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+cetas)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle.
• cetas – mind, consciousness, intelligence, thought
  noun (neuter)
  From root cit (to perceive, understand).
  Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Agrees with adhikṛtāḥ.

प्रदिष्टानि (pradiṣṭāni) - ordered, prescribed, appointed

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of pradiṣṭa

pradiṣṭa - ordered, appointed, prescribed, shown

Past Passive Participle

Formed from prefix pra + root diś (to point, order).

Prefix: pra

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Agrees with and describes the implicit 'things' or `deyāni`. Accusative plural, as it is the object of 'na dadyuḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

देयानि (deyāni) - to be given, proper to be given, gifts

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of deya

deya - to be given, fit to be given, gift

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From root dā (to give), suffix -ya.

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Accusative plural, as it is the object of 'na dadyuḥ'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

दद्युः (dadyuḥ) - they should give

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (liṅ) of dā

Optative Mood, 3rd Person Plural, Parasmaipada

From root dā (to give), in the optative mood, 3rd person plural, parasmaipada.

Root: dā (class 3)

भर्तृशासनात् (bhartṛśāsanāt) - citing the master's command (from the master's command, due to the lord's order)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhartṛśāsana

bhartṛśāsana - master's command, lord's order

Tatpurusha compound: bhartṛ (master) + śāsana (command).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (bhartṛ+śāsana)

• bhartṛ – master, lord, supporter, husband
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root bhṛ (to bear, support).
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)
• śāsana – command, order, instruction, rule
  noun (neuter)
  From root śās (to command, instruct), suffix -ana.
  Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Indicates cause or reason.