महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-29, verse-13

क्षमिणं तादृशं तात ब्रुवन्ति कटुकान्यपि ।
प्रेष्याः पुत्राश्च भृत्याश्च तथोदासीनवृत्तयः ॥१३॥

13. kṣamiṇaṁ tādṛśaṁ tāta bruvanti kaṭukānyapi ,
preṣyāḥ putrāśca bhṛtyāśca tathodāsīnavṛttayaḥ.

13. kṣamiṇam tādṛśam tāta bruvanti kaṭukāni api
preṣyāḥ putrāḥ ca bhṛtyāḥ ca tathā udāsīnavṛttayaḥ

13. O father, even servants, sons, dependents, and those of indifferent conduct speak harsh words to such a patient person.

Words meanings summery:

• क्षमिणम् (kṣamiṇam) - the patient one, the forbearing one

• तादृशम् (tādṛśam) - such a (patient person) (such, of that kind)

• तात (tāta) - O father (O father, O dear one)

• ब्रुवन्ति (bruvanti) - they speak, they say

• कटुकानि (kaṭukāni) - harsh words (harsh (things), bitter (words))

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

• प्रेष्याः (preṣyāḥ) - servants, messengers, those sent

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

• च (ca) - and, also

• भृत्याः (bhṛtyāḥ) - dependents, hired servants, employees

• च (ca) - and, also

• तथा (tathā) - as well as (similarly, in that way, as well as)

• उदासीनवृत्तयः (udāsīnavṛttayaḥ) - those of indifferent conduct (those of indifferent conduct, apathetic ones, neutral ones)

Words meanings and morphology

क्षमिणम् (kṣamiṇam) - the patient one, the forbearing one

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣamin

kṣamin - patient, forbearing, enduring

From root kṣam (to endure, be patient), suffix -in.

Root: kṣam (class 1)

Note: Object of the verb 'bruvanti'.

तादृशम् (tādṛśam) - such a (patient person) (such, of that kind)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tādṛśa

tādṛśa - such, similar, of that kind

From tad (that) + dṛś (to see), suffix -a.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with kṣamiṇam.

तात (tāta) - O father (O father, O dear one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one (term of endearment)

Vocative form of tāta (father/dear one).

ब्रुवन्ति (bruvanti) - they speak, they say

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of brū

Present Indicative, 3rd Person Plural, Parasmaipada

From root brū (to speak), in the 2nd class, present indicative, 3rd person plural, parasmaipada.

Root: brū (class 2)

कटुकानि (kaṭukāni) - harsh words (harsh (things), bitter (words))

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of kaṭuka

kaṭuka - harsh, bitter, pungent, disagreeable

Note: Direct object of 'bruvanti'.

अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

प्रेष्याः (preṣyāḥ) - servants, messengers, those sent

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of preṣya

preṣya - servant, messenger, one who is sent

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From pra + iṣ (to send), suffix -ya, used as a noun.

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Subject of the verb 'bruvanti'.

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Subject of the verb 'bruvanti'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

भृत्याः (bhṛtyāḥ) - dependents, hired servants, employees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhṛtya

bhṛtya - dependent, servant, employee

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From root bhṛ (to bear, support, hire), suffix -tya, used as a noun.

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb 'bruvanti'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - as well as (similarly, in that way, as well as)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial particle.

उदासीनवृत्तयः (udāsīnavṛttayaḥ) - those of indifferent conduct (those of indifferent conduct, apathetic ones, neutral ones)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of udāsīnavṛtti

udāsīnavṛtti - indifferent conduct, apathetic behavior, neutrality

Bahuvrīhi compound: udāsīna (indifferent) + vṛtti (conduct, course of action). Refers to persons whose conduct is indifferent.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (udāsīna+vṛtti)

• udāsīna – indifferent, neutral, unconcerned
  adjective (masculine)
  From ut + ās (to sit), used as an adjective.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: ās (class 2)
• vṛtti – conduct, course of action, behavior, livelihood
  noun (feminine)
  From root vṛt (to turn, be), suffix -ti.
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb 'bruvanti'.