महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-19, verse-22

प्रद्युम्नोऽयमुपायाति भीतस्त्यक्त्वा महाहवम् ।
धिगेनमिति वक्ष्यन्ति न तु वक्ष्यन्ति साध्विति ॥२२॥

22. pradyumno'yamupāyāti bhītastyaktvā mahāhavam ,
dhigenamiti vakṣyanti na tu vakṣyanti sādhviti.

22. pradyumnaḥ ayam upāyāti bhītaḥ tyaktvā mahāhavam
dhik enam iti vakṣyanti na tu vakṣyanti sādhu iti

22. They will say, 'Shame on this Pradyumna, who, terrified, returns, having abandoned the great battle!' But they will certainly not say, 'Well done!'

Words meanings summery:

• प्रद्युम्नः (pradyumnaḥ) - Pradyumna (proper name, here used as an example or referring to the speaker) (Pradyumna (proper name, son of Kṛṣṇa))

• अयम् (ayam) - this (one) (this, this one)

• उपायाति (upāyāti) - approaches, returns (approaches, comes near, returns)

• भीतः (bhītaḥ) - terrified (frightened, afraid, terrified)

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having left)

• महाहवम् (mahāhavam) - the great battle (great battle, great war)

• धिक् (dhik) - shame on (fie, shame, alas for, woe to)

• एनम् (enam) - him (him, this one, that one)

• इति (iti) - thus (introducing quoted speech) (thus, so, in this manner)

• वक्ष्यन्ति (vakṣyanti) - will say (will say, will speak)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• तु (tu) - but, certainly (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• वक्ष्यन्ति (vakṣyanti) - will say (will say, will speak)

• साधु (sādhu) - well done, good (good, virtuous, proper, well done)

• इति (iti) - thus (introducing quoted speech) (thus, so, in this manner)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रद्युम्नः (pradyumnaḥ) - Pradyumna (proper name, here used as an example or referring to the speaker) (Pradyumna (proper name, son of Kṛṣṇa))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pradyumna

pradyumna - Pradyumna (proper name, son of Kṛṣṇa and Rukmiṇī)

Note: Subject of 'upāyāti'.

अयम् (ayam) - this (one) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to 'Pradyumna'.

उपायाति (upāyāti) - approaches, returns (approaches, comes near, returns)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of upāyā

Present Tense, 3rd Person Singular, Parasmaipada, from prefix upa- + root yā (2nd class)

Prefix: upa

Root: yā (class 2)

भीतः (bhītaḥ) - terrified (frightened, afraid, terrified)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīta

bhīta - frightened, afraid, terrified

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root bhī (3rd class) + suffix -ta

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'Pradyumnaḥ'.

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having left)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root tyaj (1st class) + suffix -ktvā

Root: tyaj (class 1)

महाहवम् (mahāhavam) - the great battle (great battle, great war)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāhava

mahāhava - great battle, great war

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+āhava)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• āhava – battle, war, fight
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Object of 'tyaktvā'.

धिक् (dhik) - shame on (fie, shame, alas for, woe to)

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs the accusative case ('enam').

एनम् (enam) - him (him, this one, that one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of enam

enam - him, this one, that one

Note: Refers to 'Pradyumnaḥ'.

इति (iti) - thus (introducing quoted speech) (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

वक्ष्यन्ति (vakṣyanti) - will say (will say, will speak)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of vac

Future Tense, 3rd Person Plural, Parasmaipada, from root vac (2nd class)

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

तु (tu) - but, certainly (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction expressing contrast.

वक्ष्यन्ति (vakṣyanti) - will say (will say, will speak)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of vac

Future Tense, 3rd Person Plural, Parasmaipada, from root vac (2nd class)

Root: vac (class 2)

साधु (sādhu) - well done, good (good, virtuous, proper, well done)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sādhu

sādhu - good, proper, virtuous, excellent, well done

Note: Used as an exclamation.

इति (iti) - thus (introducing quoted speech) (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)