महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-19, verse-15

त्वं च सूतकुले जातो विनीतः सूतकर्मणि ।
धर्मज्ञश्चासि वृष्णीनामाहवेष्वपि दारुके ॥१५॥

15. tvaṁ ca sūtakule jāto vinītaḥ sūtakarmaṇi ,
dharmajñaścāsi vṛṣṇīnāmāhaveṣvapi dāruke.

15. tvam ca sūtakule jātaḥ vinītaḥ sūtakarmaṇi
dharmajñaḥ ca asi vṛṣṇīnām āhaveṣu api dāruke

15. O Dāruka, you were born in a charioteer's family and are trained in the duties of a charioteer. You are also knowledgeable about the natural law (dharma) of the Vṛṣṇis, even during battles.

Words meanings summery:

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (Dāruka) (you)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सूतकुले (sūtakule) - in the family of charioteers (in the charioteer's family, in the charioteer's lineage)

• जातः (jātaḥ) - born (born, produced, occurred)

• विनीतः (vinītaḥ) - trained (in) (trained, disciplined, humble, modest)

• सूतकर्मणि (sūtakarmaṇi) - in the work of a charioteer (in the work of a charioteer, in the duty of a charioteer)

• धर्मज्ञः (dharmajñaḥ) - knower of natural law (dharma) (knower of dharma, righteous, virtuous)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• असि (asi) - you are

• वृष्णीनाम् (vṛṣṇīnām) - of the Vṛṣṇis

• आहवेषु (āhaveṣu) - in battles (in battles, in encounters)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• दारुके (dāruke) - O Dāruka

Words meanings and morphology

त्वम् (tvam) - you (Dāruka) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

सूतकुले (sūtakule) - in the family of charioteers (in the charioteer's family, in the charioteer's lineage)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sūtakula

sūtakula - charioteer's family, lineage of a charioteer

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūta+kula)

• sūta – charioteer, son
  noun (masculine)
  Root: sū (class 2)
• kula – family, clan, lineage
  noun (neuter)

जातः (jātaḥ) - born (born, produced, occurred)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, originated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root jan- (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: masculine singular nominative agreeing with 'tvam' (implicitly)

विनीतः (vinītaḥ) - trained (in) (trained, disciplined, humble, modest)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vinīta

vinīta - disciplined, trained, modest, humble

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root nī- (to lead) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: masculine singular nominative agreeing with 'tvam' (implicitly)

सूतकर्मणि (sūtakarmaṇi) - in the work of a charioteer (in the work of a charioteer, in the duty of a charioteer)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sūtakarma

sūtakarma - duty/work of a charioteer

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūta+karma)

• sūta – charioteer
  noun (masculine)
  Root: sū (class 2)
• karma – action, work, duty (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

धर्मज्ञः (dharmajñaḥ) - knower of natural law (dharma) (knower of dharma, righteous, virtuous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knower of righteousness, knower of sacred law, knower of natural law (dharma)

Compound of dharma and jña (knower)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – righteousness, natural law, duty, virtue, constitution (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knower
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root jñā- (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: masculine singular nominative agreeing with 'tvam' (implicitly)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Indicative

Second person singular, Parasmaipada

Root: as (class 2)

वृष्णीनाम् (vṛṣṇīnām) - of the Vṛṣṇis

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vṛṣṇi

vṛṣṇi - name of a Yadava clan

आहवेषु (āhaveṣu) - in battles (in battles, in encounters)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of āhava

āhava - battle, fight, encounter

From root hu- (to call) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: hu (class 3)

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

दारुके (dāruke) - O Dāruka

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dāruka

dāruka - name of Krishna's charioteer