महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-134, verse-4

यो वै दर्पात्संहननोपपन्नः सुदुर्बलः पर्वतमाविहन्ति ।
तस्यैव पाणिः सनखो विशीर्यते न चैव शैलस्य हि दृश्यते व्रणः ॥४॥

4. yo vai darpātsaṁhananopapannaḥ; sudurbalaḥ parvatamāvihanti ,
tasyaiva pāṇiḥ sanakho viśīryate; na caiva śailasya hi dṛśyate vraṇaḥ.

4. yaḥ vai darpāt saṃhananopapannaḥ
sudurbalaḥ parvatam āvihanti tasya
eva pāṇiḥ sanakhaḥ viśīryate na
ca eva śailasya hi dṛśyate vraṇaḥ

4. Whoever, indeed, out of arrogance, even if endowed with (some) physical strength but ultimately very weak, strikes a mountain, his hand, along with its nails, will certainly break apart, and indeed, no wound will be seen on the mountain.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - Whoever (whoever, who)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly)

• दर्पात् (darpāt) - out of arrogance (from pride, out of arrogance)

• संहननोपपन्नः (saṁhananopapannaḥ) - endowed with physical strength (or a solid build) (endowed with compactness, possessing strength, having a solid build)

• सुदुर्बलः (sudurbalaḥ) - very weak (despite any apparent strength) (very weak, extremely feeble)

• पर्वतम् (parvatam) - a mountain (metaphor for Bandi) (mountain, hill)

• आविहन्ति (āvihanti) - strikes (strikes, hits)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to the one who strikes the mountain) (his, of him, its)

• एव (eva) - certainly, indeed (indeed, only, just)

• पाणिः (pāṇiḥ) - hand

• सनखः (sanakhaḥ) - along with its nails (with nails, including nails, having nails)

• विशीर्यते (viśīryate) - will break apart (breaks apart, crumbles, dissolves)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)

• शैलस्य (śailasya) - of the mountain

• हि (hi) - indeed (for, indeed, because)

• दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen (is seen, appears)

• व्रणः (vraṇaḥ) - wound (wound, sore, scar)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - Whoever (whoever, who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

दर्पात् (darpāt) - out of arrogance (from pride, out of arrogance)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of darpa

darpa - pride, arrogance, haughtiness, conceit

From root dṛp (to be proud)

Root: dṛp (class 4)

Note: Denotes the cause or motive.

संहननोपपन्नः (saṁhananopapannaḥ) - endowed with physical strength (or a solid build) (endowed with compactness, possessing strength, having a solid build)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃhananopapanna

saṁhananopapanna - endowed with compactness/strength/solid build

Tatpuruṣa compound: saṃhanana (compactness, strength) + upapanna (endowed with, possessed of)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṃhanana+upapanna)

• saṃhanana – compactness, closeness, firmness, strength, solid build
  noun (neuter)
  From sam-han (to strike together)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: han (class 2)
• upapanna – endowed with, possessed of, attended by, happened
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of upa-pad
  Prefix: upa
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'yaḥ'.

सुदुर्बलः (sudurbalaḥ) - very weak (despite any apparent strength) (very weak, extremely feeble)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sudurbala

sudurbala - very weak, extremely feeble

Compound: su (very) + durbala (weak)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+durbala)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating intensity or excellence
• durbala – weak, feeble, infirm
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound: dur (bad, difficult) + bala (strength)

Note: Qualifies 'yaḥ'.

पर्वतम् (parvatam) - a mountain (metaphor for Bandi) (mountain, hill)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parvata

parvata - mountain, hill

Note: Object of 'āvihanti'.

आविहन्ति (āvihanti) - strikes (strikes, hits)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ā-vihan

Present Tense

From root han (2nd class, Parasmaipada) with prefixes ā and vi

Prefixes: ā+vi

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Subject is 'yaḥ'.

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to the one who strikes the mountain) (his, of him, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers back to 'yaḥ'.

एव (eva) - certainly, indeed (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

पाणिः (pāṇiḥ) - hand

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇi

pāṇi - hand

Note: Subject of 'viśīryate'.

सनखः (sanakhaḥ) - along with its nails (with nails, including nails, having nails)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sanakha

sanakha - having nails, with nails

Bahuvrihi compound: sa (with) + nakha (nail)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+nakha)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix meaning 'with'
• nakha – nail (fingernail or toenail), claw
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'pāṇiḥ'.

विशीर्यते (viśīryate) - will break apart (breaks apart, crumbles, dissolves)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vi-śīr

Present Tense

From root śīr (9th class, Ātmanepada) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: śīr (class 9)

Note: The meaning is effectively passive here 'is broken'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two clauses.

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adds emphasis.

शैलस्य (śailasya) - of the mountain

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śaila

śaila - mountain, rock, peak

From śilā (stone)

Note: Refers to the 'parvatam' mentioned earlier.

हि (hi) - indeed (for, indeed, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic.

दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen (is seen, appears)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present Tense (Passive Voice)

Passive voice of root dṛś (1st class, Parasmaipada)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'vraṇaḥ'.

व्रणः (vraṇaḥ) - wound (wound, sore, scar)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vraṇa

vraṇa - wound, sore, ulcer, scar

Note: Subject of 'dṛśyate'.