महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-50, verse-5

तथा यान्तौ तदा तात तावच्युतयुधिष्ठिरौ ।
जग्मतुर्यत्र गाङ्गेयः शरतल्पगतः प्रभुः ॥५॥

5. tathā yāntau tadā tāta tāvacyutayudhiṣṭhirau ,
jagmaturyatra gāṅgeyaḥ śaratalpagataḥ prabhuḥ.

5. tathā yāntau tadā tāta tau acyutayudhiṣṭhirau
jagmatuḥ yatra gāṅgeyaḥ śaratalpagataḥ prabhuḥ

5. tāta tadā tathā yāntau tau acyutayudhiṣṭhirau
jagmatuḥ yatra gāṅgeyaḥ prabhuḥ śaratalpagataḥ

5. Then, my dear, as those two, Acyuta and Yudhiṣṭhira, were proceeding, they went to where the lord (prabhuḥ) Gaṅgeya (Bhishma) was lying on a bed of arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - then (then, thus, so, and)

• यान्तौ (yāntau) - those two (Acyuta and Yudhiṣṭhira) proceeding (those two going, while going (dual))

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• तात (tāta) - my dear (as a term of address) (O father, O dear one, O son)

• तौ (tau) - those two (referring to Acyuta and Yudhiṣṭhira) (those two)

• अच्युतयुधिष्ठिरौ (acyutayudhiṣṭhirau) - Acyuta (Krishna) and Yudhiṣṭhira (Acyuta and Yudhiṣṭhira)

• जग्मतुः (jagmatuḥ) - they both went (those two went, they both went)

• यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which, in which case)

• गाङ्गेयः (gāṅgeyaḥ) - Bhishma (son of Ganga) (son of Ganga (Bhishma))

• शरतल्पगतः (śaratalpagataḥ) - lying on a bed of arrows (gone to a bed of arrows, lying on a bed of arrows)

• प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - the lord (lord, master, mighty)

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - then (then, thus, so, and)

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

यान्तौ (yāntau) - those two (Acyuta and Yudhiṣṭhira) proceeding (those two going, while going (dual))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of yāt

yāt - going, moving

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'yā' (to go) in present tense

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'tau acyutayudhiṣṭhirau'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Temporal adverb

तात (tāta) - my dear (as a term of address) (O father, O dear one, O son)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, son (term of endearment or respect)

Note: Term of address.

तौ (tau) - those two (referring to Acyuta and Yudhiṣṭhira) (those two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Agrees with 'acyutayudhiṣṭhirau'.

अच्युतयुधिष्ठिरौ (acyutayudhiṣṭhirau) - Acyuta (Krishna) and Yudhiṣṭhira (Acyuta and Yudhiṣṭhira)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of acyutayudhiṣṭhira

acyutayudhiṣṭhira - Acyuta and Yudhiṣṭhira

Compound of Acyuta and Yudhiṣṭhira

Compound type : dvandva (acyuta+yudhiṣṭhira)

• acyuta – infallible, imperishable (epithet of Krishna/Vishnu)
  proper noun (masculine)
• yudhiṣṭhira – Yudhiṣṭhira (eldest of the Pāṇḍavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: sthā

Note: Subject of the sentence.

जग्मतुः (jagmatuḥ) - they both went (those two went, they both went)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (Lit) of gam

Perfect tense, 3rd person dual

Reduplicated perfect (Lit)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Verb for the dual subject 'acyutayudhiṣṭhirau'.

यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which, in which case)

(indeclinable)

Locative of 'ya' pronominal stem

Note: Introduces a subordinate clause.

गाङ्गेयः (gāṅgeyaḥ) - Bhishma (son of Ganga) (son of Ganga (Bhishma))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gāṅgeya

gāṅgeya - son of Ganga, Bhishma

Derived from 'gaṅgā' (Ganga river) with patronymic suffix 'eya'

Note: Subject of the 'yatra' clause.

शरतल्पगतः (śaratalpagataḥ) - lying on a bed of arrows (gone to a bed of arrows, lying on a bed of arrows)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaratalpagata

śaratalpagata - gone to a bed of arrows, lying on a bed of arrows

Compound meaning 'gone (gata) to a bed (talpa) of arrows (śara)'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+talpa+gata)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śṛ
• talpa – bed, couch
  noun (masculine)
• gata – gone, proceeded, reached
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'gam' (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'gāṅgeyaḥ'.

प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - the lord (lord, master, mighty)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, mighty, powerful

From 'pra' (forth) and root 'bhū' (to be)

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'gāṅgeyaḥ'.