महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-50, verse-33

चातुर्वर्ण्येन यश्चैको धर्मो न स्म विरुध्यते ।
सेव्यमानः स चैवाद्यो गाङ्गेय विदितस्तव ॥३३॥

33. cāturvarṇyena yaścaiko dharmo na sma virudhyate ,
sevyamānaḥ sa caivādyo gāṅgeya viditastava.

33. cāturvarṇyena yaḥ ca ekaḥ dharmaḥ na sma virudhyate
sevyamānaḥ saḥ ca eva ādyaḥ gāṅgeya viditaḥ tava

33. gāṅgeya yaḥ ca ekaḥ dharmaḥ cāturvarṇyena na
virudhyate ca sevyamānaḥ saḥ eva ādyaḥ tava viditaḥ

33. And that one principle of natural law (dharma) which is not contradicted by the four social classes (cāturvarṇya) and which, when practiced, is primeval—that, O Gāṅgeya, is indeed known to you.

Words meanings summery:

• चातुर्वर्ण्येन (cāturvarṇyena) - by the four social classes

• यः (yaḥ) - which, who

• च (ca) - and

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one, single, unique

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - principle of natural law, duty

• न (na) - not

• स्म (sma) - emphasizes the general, habitual truth of the statement, functioning with a present tense verb to describe a continuous or timeless action (particle indicating past action or emphasis)

• विरुध्यते (virudhyate) - is contradicted, opposes, conflicts

• सेव्यमानः (sevyamānaḥ) - being served, being practiced/observed, being honored

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• आद्यः (ādyaḥ) - primeval, ancient, first

• गाङ्गेय (gāṅgeya) - O Gāṅgeya (an epithet for Bhīṣma, son of Gaṅgā) (O son of Gaṅgā)

• विदितः (viditaḥ) - known, understood

• तव (tava) - to you, your

Words meanings and morphology

चातुर्वर्ण्येन (cāturvarṇyena) - by the four social classes

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of cāturvarṇya

cāturvarṇya - the system of four social classes (brāhmaṇa, kṣatriya, vaiśya, śūdra)

Derived from caturvarṇa (four colors/classes)

यः (yaḥ) - which, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whichever, whoever

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एकः (ekaḥ) - one, single, unique

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, a single, unique, sole

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - principle of natural law, duty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

From root dhṛ (to uphold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

स्म (sma) - emphasizes the general, habitual truth of the statement, functioning with a present tense verb to describe a continuous or timeless action (particle indicating past action or emphasis)

(indeclinable)

विरुध्यते (virudhyate) - is contradicted, opposes, conflicts

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of virudh

from root rudh (to obstruct, hinder) with upasarga vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: rudh (class 7)

सेव्यमानः (sevyamānaḥ) - being served, being practiced/observed, being honored

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sevyamāna

sevyamāna - being served, being practiced, being cultivated, being resorted to

Present Passive Participle

from root sev (to serve, honor, practice)

Root: sev (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

आद्यः (ādyaḥ) - primeval, ancient, first

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ādya

ādya - first, initial, primeval, ancient

From ādi (beginning)

गाङ्गेय (gāṅgeya) - O Gāṅgeya (an epithet for Bhīṣma, son of Gaṅgā) (O son of Gaṅgā)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of gāṅgeya

gāṅgeya - son of Gaṅgā; Bhīṣma

Patronymic from Gaṅgā

विदितः (viditaḥ) - known, understood

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidita

vidita - known, understood, perceived

Past Passive Participle

from root vid (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

तव (tava) - to you, your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you