महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-50, verse-18

यद्धि भूतं भविष्यच्च भवच्च पुरुषर्षभ ।
सर्वं तज्ज्ञानवृद्धस्य तव पाणाविवाहितम् ॥१८॥

18. yaddhi bhūtaṁ bhaviṣyacca bhavacca puruṣarṣabha ,
sarvaṁ tajjñānavṛddhasya tava pāṇāvivāhitam.

18. yat hi bhūtam bhaviṣyat ca bhavat ca puruṣarṣabha
sarvam tat jñānavṛddhasya tava pāṇau iva āhitam

18. puruṣarṣabha,
yat hi bhūtam ca bhaviṣyat ca bhavat ca,
tat sarvam jñānavṛddhasya tava pāṇau iva āhitam

18. Indeed, whatever is past, present, and future, O best of men (puruṣarṣabha), all that is, as it were, held within your grasp, for you are eminent in wisdom.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what, whatever)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

• भूतम् (bhūtam) - what is past (past, occurred, creature, being)

• भविष्यत् (bhaviṣyat) - what is future (future, about to be)

• च (ca) - and

• भवत् (bhavat) - what is present (present, being, existing)

• च (ca) - and

• पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best of men (Bhishma) (O best of men, O chief among men)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all that (all, whole, every)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the past, present, future) (that, this)

• ज्ञानवृद्धस्य (jñānavṛddhasya) - of you, who are eminent in wisdom (of one grown in knowledge, of one eminent in wisdom)

• तव (tava) - of you (Bhishma) (of you, your)

• पाणौ (pāṇau) - in your grasp (in the hand)

• इव (iva) - as it were (like, as, as if)

• आहितम् (āhitam) - held (within your grasp) (placed, deposited, contained)

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what, whatever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whatever, that

Note: Refers to bhūtam, bhaviṣyat, bhavat.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

भूतम् (bhūtam) - what is past (past, occurred, creature, being)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhūta

bhūta - been, become, past, creature, element

Past Passive Participle

From root bhū (to be, become). Used as a noun here.

Root: bhū (class 1)

भविष्यत् (bhaviṣyat) - what is future (future, about to be)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhaviṣyat

bhaviṣyat - future, about to be, what will be

Future Active Participle

From root bhū (to be, become). Used as a noun here.

Root: bhū (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

भवत् (bhavat) - what is present (present, being, existing)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhavat

bhavat - being, present, existing

Present Active Participle

From root bhū (to be, become). Used as a noun here.

Root: bhū (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best of men (Bhishma) (O best of men, O chief among men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - best of men, chief among men (literally 'man-bull')

Tatpurusha compound (puruṣa + ṛṣabha).

Compound type : tatpurusha (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person, cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pṛ (class 3)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief, excellent
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Vocative addressing Bhishma.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all that (all, whole, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Refers to the sum of past, present, and future.

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the past, present, future) (that, this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlative to 'yat'.

ज्ञानवृद्धस्य (jñānavṛddhasya) - of you, who are eminent in wisdom (of one grown in knowledge, of one eminent in wisdom)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jñānavṛddha

jñānavṛddha - grown in knowledge, increased in wisdom, eminent in wisdom

Compound of jñāna (knowledge) + vṛddha (grown, increased).

Compound type : tatpurusha (jñāna+vṛddha)

• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, understanding
  noun (neuter)
  From root jñā (to know) + -ana suffix
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• vṛddha – grown, increased, old, wise
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vṛdh (to grow, increase)
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with tava.

तव (tava) - of you (Bhishma) (of you, your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

पाणौ (pāṇau) - in your grasp (in the hand)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pāṇi

pāṇi - hand, forepaw

इव (iva) - as it were (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

आहितम् (āhitam) - held (within your grasp) (placed, deposited, contained)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āhita

āhita - placed, deposited, contained, fixed, performed

Past Passive Participle

From root dhā (to place, put) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'sarvam tat'.