महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-320, verse-38

सोऽनुनीतो भगवता स्वयं रुद्रेण भारत ।
छायां पश्यन्समावृत्तः स मुनिः परया मुदा ॥३८॥

38. so'nunīto bhagavatā svayaṁ rudreṇa bhārata ,
chāyāṁ paśyansamāvṛttaḥ sa muniḥ parayā mudā.

38. saḥ anunītaḥ bhagavatā svayam rudreṇa bhārata |
chāyām paśyan samāvṛttaḥ saḥ muniḥ parayā mudā

38. bhārata saḥ muniḥ svayam rudreṇa bhagavatā
anunītaḥ chāyām paśyan parayā mudā samāvṛttaḥ

38. O Bhārata, that sage (muni), having been consoled by Lord Rudra himself, returned with supreme joy upon seeing the shadow.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (sage) (he, that)

• अनुनीतः (anunītaḥ) - consoled, brought to peace (consoled, appeased, implored)

• भगवता (bhagavatā) - by Lord (Rudra) (by the revered one, by the Lord)

• स्वयम् (svayam) - personally, by himself (personally, by oneself, oneself)

• रुद्रेण (rudreṇa) - by Rudra

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata

• छायाम् (chāyām) - shadow, reflection, image

• पश्यन् (paśyan) - seeing, beholding

• समावृत्तः (samāvṛttaḥ) - returned, came back

• सः (saḥ) - that (sage) (he, that)

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic

• परया (parayā) - with supreme (with supreme, with highest, with excellent)

• मुदा (mudā) - with joy, delight

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (sage) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the 'muniḥ'.

अनुनीतः (anunītaḥ) - consoled, brought to peace (consoled, appeased, implored)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anunīta

anunīta - consoled, appeased, brought over

Past Passive Participle

From anu-nī- 'to lead towards, to conciliate'

Prefix: anu

Root: nī (class 1)

भगवता (bhagavatā) - by Lord (Rudra) (by the revered one, by the Lord)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - revered, blessed, Lord, divine

From 'bhaga' (fortune) + -vat suffix

स्वयम् (svayam) - personally, by himself (personally, by oneself, oneself)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes that Rudra acted directly.

रुद्रेण (rudreṇa) - by Rudra

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rudra

rudra - Rudra (name of a deity, an epithet of Shiva)

Root: rud (class 2)

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, Indian

Patronymic from Bharata

Note: Addressing the narrator or listener.

छायाम् (chāyām) - shadow, reflection, image

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of chāyā

chāyā - shadow, shade, reflection, image

Note: Object of the participle 'paśyan'.

पश्यन् (paśyan) - seeing, beholding

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paśyat

paśyat - seeing

Present Active Participle

From root dṛś- 'to see', present stem paśya-

Root: dṛś (class 1)

समावृत्तः (samāvṛttaḥ) - returned, came back

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samāvṛtta

samāvṛtta - returned, come back, completely turned

Past Passive Participle

From sam-ā-vṛt- 'to turn back completely'

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: vṛt (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - that (sage) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun for 'muniḥ'.

मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic

Note: Subject of the sentence.

परया (parayā) - with supreme (with supreme, with highest, with excellent)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, ultimate

Feminine form of 'parama'

Note: Adjective modifying 'mudā'.

मुदा (mudā) - with joy, delight

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of mud

mud - joy, delight, pleasure

From root mud- 'to rejoice'

Root: mud (class 1)

Note: Denotes the manner in which the sage returned.