महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-320, verse-31

तं देवगन्धर्ववृतो महर्षिगणपूजितः ।
पिनाकहस्तो भगवानभ्यागच्छत शंकरः ॥३१॥

31. taṁ devagandharvavṛto maharṣigaṇapūjitaḥ ,
pinākahasto bhagavānabhyāgacchata śaṁkaraḥ.

31. tam devagandharvavṛtaḥ maharṣigaṇapūjitaḥ
pinākahastaḥ bhagavān abhyāgacchat śaṅkaraḥ

31. Then, the divine Shankara (Śaṅkara), who holds the Pinaka bow, surrounded by gods and gandharvas, and revered by hosts of great sages, approached him.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Vyasa) (him, that)

• देवगन्धर्ववृतः (devagandharvavṛtaḥ) - surrounded by gods and gandharvas

• महर्षिगणपूजितः (maharṣigaṇapūjitaḥ) - worshipped by hosts of great sages

• पिनाकहस्तः (pinākahastaḥ) - holding the Pinaka (bow) in hand

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - the divine Lord (Shiva) (divine, venerable, fortunate, glorious lord)

• अभ्यागच्छत् (abhyāgacchat) - approached, came towards

• शङ्करः (śaṅkaraḥ) - the deity Shiva (giver of happiness, Shiva)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Vyasa) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Vyasa, who is masculine, hence the masculine accusative singular form.

देवगन्धर्ववृतः (devagandharvavṛtaḥ) - surrounded by gods and gandharvas

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of devagandharvavṛta

devagandharvavṛta - surrounded by gods and gandharvas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+gandharva+vṛta)

• deva – god, deity, divine
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)
• gandharva – celestial musician, a class of semi-divine beings
  noun (masculine)
• vṛta – covered, surrounded, chosen
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root vṛ (to cover, surround, choose)
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies Shankara.

महर्षिगणपूजितः (maharṣigaṇapūjitaḥ) - worshipped by hosts of great sages

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maharṣigaṇapūjita

maharṣigaṇapūjita - worshipped by groups of great sages

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (maharṣi+gaṇa+pūjita)

• maharṣi – great sage
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of mahat (great) and ṛṣi (sage)
• gaṇa – group, host, multitude
  noun (masculine)
• pūjita – worshipped, honored
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root pūj (to worship)
  Root: pūj (class 10)

Note: Qualifies Shankara.

पिनाकहस्तः (pinākahastaḥ) - holding the Pinaka (bow) in hand

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pinākahasta

pinākahasta - one who has Pinaka in hand

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pināka+hasta)

• pināka – Shiva's bow, trident
  noun (masculine)
• hasta – hand
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Shankara.

भगवान् (bhagavān) - the divine Lord (Shiva) (divine, venerable, fortunate, glorious lord)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - divine, venerable, glorious, fortunate, possessor of opulence

Note: Often used as an epithet for deities, here for Shiva.

अभ्यागच्छत् (abhyāgacchat) - approached, came towards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of gam

Imperfect

Root gam (to go) with upasargas abhi and ā.

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: The 'a' at the beginning is the augment for imperfect tense.

शङ्करः (śaṅkaraḥ) - the deity Shiva (giver of happiness, Shiva)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaṅkara

śaṅkara - giver of happiness, auspicious, Shiva

Note: Subject of the sentence.