महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-320, verse-23

शुकः सर्वगतो भूत्वा सर्वात्मा सर्वतोमुखः ।
प्रत्यभाषत धर्मात्मा भोःशब्देनानुनादयन् ॥२३॥

23. śukaḥ sarvagato bhūtvā sarvātmā sarvatomukhaḥ ,
pratyabhāṣata dharmātmā bhoḥśabdenānunādayan.

23. śukaḥ sarvagataḥ bhūtvā sarvātmā sarvatomukhaḥ
prati abhāṣata dharmātmā bhoḥśabdena anunādayan

23. Having become all-pervading, the universal self (ātman), and all-encompassing, the righteous Shuka then replied, causing the word 'bhoḥ' to resound.

Words meanings summery:

• शुकः (śukaḥ) - the sage Shuka (Shuka)

• सर्वगतः (sarvagataḥ) - all-pervading, omnipresent

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

• सर्वात्मा (sarvātmā) - the universal self (ātman) (universal self)

• सर्वतोमुखः (sarvatomukhaḥ) - all-encompassing, facing all directions

• प्रति (prati) - in return, as a prefix to the verb 'abhāṣata' (towards, against, in return)

• अभाषत (abhāṣata) - replied (due to prefix 'prati') (spoke, addressed)

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - the righteous soul (dharmātmā) (righteous soul)

• भोःशब्देन (bhoḥśabdena) - by the sound of 'bhoḥ' (by the word 'bhoḥ')

• अनुनादयन् (anunādayan) - causing to resound, echoing

Words meanings and morphology

शुकः (śukaḥ) - the sage Shuka (Shuka)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuka

śuka - parrot; the sage Shuka (son of Vyasa)

सर्वगतः (sarvagataḥ) - all-pervading, omnipresent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvagata

sarvagata - omnipresent, all-pervading, universal

Past Passive Participle

Derived from 'sarva' (all) and 'gata' (gone, reached), implying having reached everywhere.

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+gata)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• gata – gone, reached, attained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: gam (class 1)

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed with the suffix -tvā

Root: bhū (class 1)

सर्वात्मा (sarvātmā) - the universal self (ātman) (universal self)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvātman

sarvātman - the soul of all, universal spirit, supreme spirit, universal self

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sarva+ātman)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

सर्वतोमुखः (sarvatomukhaḥ) - all-encompassing, facing all directions

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvatomukha

sarvatomukha - having faces everywhere, omnidirectional, all-pervading in appearance

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sarvataḥ+mukha)

• sarvataḥ – from all sides, on all sides, everywhere
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, aspect, direction
  noun (neuter)

प्रति (prati) - in return, as a prefix to the verb 'abhāṣata' (towards, against, in return)

(indeclinable)

अभाषत (abhāṣata) - replied (due to prefix 'prati') (spoke, addressed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhāṣ

Imperfect tense (laṅ), Atmanepada (middle voice)

Root 'bhāṣ' (1st conjugation, middle voice) + 'a' augment + laṅ suffix 'ta'.

Prefix: prati

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - the righteous soul (dharmātmā) (righteous soul)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - righteous soul, one whose nature (dharma) is righteousness

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

भोःशब्देन (bhoḥśabdena) - by the sound of 'bhoḥ' (by the word 'bhoḥ')

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhoḥśabda

bhoḥśabda - the word 'bhoḥ' (an interjection of address, 'O!')

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhoḥ+śabda)

• bhoḥ – O! (vocative particle, respectful address)
  indeclinable
• śabda – sound, word, voice
  noun (masculine)

अनुनादयन् (anunādayan) - causing to resound, echoing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anunādayat

anunādayat - causing to sound, echoing, reverberating

Present Active Participle

Causative of 'nad' (to sound) with prefix 'anu'.

Prefix: anu

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adjective modifying 'Shuka'.