महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-285, verse-27

न चापि शूद्रः पततीति निश्चयो न चापि संस्कारमिहार्हतीति वा ।
श्रुतिप्रवृत्तं न च धर्ममाप्नुते न चास्य धर्मे प्रतिषेधनं कृतम् ॥२७॥

27. na cāpi śūdraḥ patatīti niścayo; na cāpi saṁskāramihārhatīti vā ,
śrutipravṛttaṁ na ca dharmamāpnute; na cāsya dharme pratiṣedhanaṁ kṛtam.

27. na ca api śūdraḥ patati iti niścayaḥ
na ca api saṃskāram iha arhati iti vā
śrutipravṛttam na ca dharmam āpnute
na ca asya dharme pratiṣedhanam kṛtam

27. na śūdraḥ patati iti niścayaḥ ca api
iha saṃskāram na arhati iti vā ca
śrutipravṛttam dharmam na āpnute ca
asya dharme pratiṣedhanam na kṛtam

27. It is not a certainty that a Shudra falls. Nor is he entitled to undergo a purification rite (saṃskāra) here. And he does not attain the specific prescribed duties (dharma) originating from Vedic revelation (śruti). Yet, no general prohibition is made for him regarding universal natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - even, also, too, moreover

• शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a Shudra, member of the fourth social class

• पतति (patati) - he/she/it falls

• इति (iti) - 'that' (introducing a clause) (thus, in this manner, marking direct speech or conclusion)

• निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) - certainty, firm conclusion, ascertainment

• संस्कारम् (saṁskāram) - the specific purification rites (saṃskāra) like upanayana (purification rite, sacrament, impression, embellishment)

• इह (iha) - in this very world, in this life (here, in this world, at this time)

• अर्हति (arhati) - is entitled to (the saṃskāra) (he/she/it deserves, is entitled to, is able to)

• वा (vā) - or, either

• श्रुतिप्रवृत्तम् (śrutipravṛttam) - specific duties (dharma) as enjoined by the Vedas (originating from Shruti, based on Vedic revelation)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - specific ritualistic or enjoined duties (dharma) from the Vedas (duty, natural law, righteousness)

• आप्नुते (āpnute) - he/she/it attains, obtains

• अस्य (asya) - his (referring to the Shudra) (of him, his, of this)

• धर्मे (dharme) - regarding (universal) natural law (dharma) or ethical principles (in the duty, in the natural law)

• प्रतिषेधनम् (pratiṣedhanam) - specific restriction or exclusion (prohibition, exclusion, hindrance)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made, performed

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also, too, moreover

(indeclinable)

शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a Shudra, member of the fourth social class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūdra

śūdra - a Shudra, a member of the fourth social class, a servant

पतति (patati) - he/she/it falls

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (lat) of pat

Present Active

3rd person singular, present indicative, active voice

Root: pat (class 1)

इति (iti) - 'that' (introducing a clause) (thus, in this manner, marking direct speech or conclusion)

(indeclinable)

निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) - certainty, firm conclusion, ascertainment

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niścaya

niścaya - certainty, firm resolve, ascertainment, conviction

from prefix niś + root ci (to gather, observe)

Prefix: nis

Root: ci (class 5)

संस्कारम् (saṁskāram) - the specific purification rites (saṃskāra) like upanayana (purification rite, sacrament, impression, embellishment)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃskāra

saṁskāra - purification rite, sacrament, impression, mental trace, cultural refinement, preparation

from prefix sam + root kṛ (to do, make) + ghañ suffix

Prefix: sam

Root: kṛ (class 8)

इह (iha) - in this very world, in this life (here, in this world, at this time)

(indeclinable)

अर्हति (arhati) - is entitled to (the saṃskāra) (he/she/it deserves, is entitled to, is able to)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (lat) of arh

Present Active

3rd person singular, present indicative, active voice

Root: arh (class 1)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

श्रुतिप्रवृत्तम् (śrutipravṛttam) - specific duties (dharma) as enjoined by the Vedas (originating from Shruti, based on Vedic revelation)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śrutipravṛtta

śrutipravṛtta - originating from Shruti, based on Vedic revelation, enjoined by the Vedas

Compound type : tatpurusha (śruti+pravṛtta)

• śruti – Vedic revelation, sacred tradition, hearing
  noun (feminine)
  from root śru (to hear)
  Root: śru (class 5)
• pravṛtta – originated, arisen, proceeding, engaged in
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from prefix pra + root vṛt (to turn, exist)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'dharmam'.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - specific ritualistic or enjoined duties (dharma) from the Vedas (duty, natural law, righteousness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom, religion

from root dhṛ (to uphold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

आप्नुते (āpnute) - he/she/it attains, obtains

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (lat) of āp

Present Middle

3rd person singular, present indicative, middle voice, 5th class verb

Root: āp (class 5)

अस्य (asya) - his (referring to the Shudra) (of him, his, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Genitive singular of the pronoun 'idam', masculine form.

धर्मे (dharme) - regarding (universal) natural law (dharma) or ethical principles (in the duty, in the natural law)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom, religion

from root dhṛ (to uphold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

प्रतिषेधनम् (pratiṣedhanam) - specific restriction or exclusion (prohibition, exclusion, hindrance)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pratiṣedhana

pratiṣedhana - prohibition, interdiction, hindrance, exclusion

from prefix prati + root sidh (to ward off, stop) + lyuṭ suffix

Prefix: prati

Root: sidh (class 1)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made, performed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, completed, good deed

Past Passive Participle

from root kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'pratiṣedhanam'.