महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-285, verse-22

विशेषधर्मा नृपते वर्णानां परिकीर्तिताः ।
धर्मान्साधारणांस्तात विस्तरेण शृणुष्व मे ॥२२॥

22. viśeṣadharmā nṛpate varṇānāṁ parikīrtitāḥ ,
dharmānsādhāraṇāṁstāta vistareṇa śṛṇuṣva me.

22. viśeṣadharmā nṛpate varṇānām parikīrtitāḥ |
dharmān sādhāraṇān tāta vistareṇa śṛṇuṣva me

22. nṛpate varṇānām viśeṣadharmāḥ parikīrtitāḥ
tāta me vistareṇa sādhāraṇān dharmān śṛṇuṣva

22. O King, the specific constitutions (dharma) of the social classes (varṇas) have been described. Now, O dear one, listen to me explaining the common constitutions (dharma) in detail.

Words meanings summery:

• विशेषधर्मा (viśeṣadharmā) - specific duties, particular constitutions

• नृपते (nṛpate) - O King, O ruler

• वर्णानाम् (varṇānām) - of the social classes, of the varṇas

• परिकीर्तिताः (parikīrtitāḥ) - have been declared, proclaimed, described

• धर्मान् (dharmān) - duties, constitutions (dharma)

• साधारणान् (sādhāraṇān) - common, general

• तात (tāta) - O dear one, O child, O father (term of endearment)

• विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively

• शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - hear, listen

• मे (me) - from me, to me

Words meanings and morphology

विशेषधर्मा (viśeṣadharmā) - specific duties, particular constitutions

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viśeṣadharma

viśeṣadharma - a specific duty or constitution (dharma)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (viśeṣa+dharma)

• viśeṣa – peculiarity, distinction, specific, particular
  noun (masculine)
• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root dhṛ (to uphold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

नृपते (nṛpate) - O King, O ruler

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, monarch, ruler of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pati – master, lord, owner, husband
  noun (masculine)

वर्णानाम् (varṇānām) - of the social classes, of the varṇas

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of varṇa

varṇa - color, tint, quality, class, caste, social order

Derived from root vṛ (to cover, to choose, to describe).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

परिकीर्तिताः (parikīrtitāḥ) - have been declared, proclaimed, described

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parikīrtita

parikīrtita - proclaimed, described, famous, celebrated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the verbal root kīrt (to praise, proclaim) with the upasarga pari- and the past passive participle suffix -ita.

Prefix: pari

Root: kīrt (class 10)

धर्मान् (dharmān) - duties, constitutions (dharma)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

Derived from root dhṛ (to uphold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

साधारणान् (sādhāraṇān) - common, general

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sādhāraṇa

sādhāraṇa - common, general, universal, shared

Derived from sādhāra (common, shared).

तात (tāta) - O dear one, O child, O father (term of endearment)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, child (vocative term of endearment)

विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vistara

vistara - extension, expansion, detail, minuteness

Derived from root stṛ (to spread) with upasarga vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: stṛ (class 9)

शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - hear, listen

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of śṛṇu

Present stem

Present stem of the root śru, 5th class, accented on the thematic vowel.

Root: śru (class 5)

मे (me) - from me, to me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, my, we, us, our (first person pronoun)