महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-285, verse-25

ब्राह्मणाः क्षत्रिया वैश्यास्त्रयो वर्णा द्विजातयः ।
अत्र तेषामधीकारो धर्मेषु द्विपदां वर ॥२५॥

25. brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyā vaiśyāstrayo varṇā dvijātayaḥ ,
atra teṣāmadhīkāro dharmeṣu dvipadāṁ vara.

25. brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyāḥ vaiśyāḥ trayaḥ varṇāḥ dvijātayaḥ
atra teṣām adhīkāraḥ dharmeṣu dvipadām vara

25. dvipadām vara brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyāḥ vaiśyāḥ trayaḥ
varṇāḥ dvijātayaḥ atra teṣām adhīkāraḥ dharmeṣu

25. O best among humans, Brahmins, Kshatriyas, and Vaishyas are the three classes that are 'twice-born' (dvijāti). It is these classes who have the right and authority (adhikāra) regarding the natural laws and prescribed duties (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins, members of the priestly class

• क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - Kshatriyas, members of the warrior or ruling class

• वैश्याः (vaiśyāḥ) - Vaishyas, members of the merchant or agricultural class

• त्रयः (trayaḥ) - these three (classes) (three)

• वर्णाः (varṇāḥ) - social classes (varṇa) (classes, colors, kinds)

• द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - those belonging to the three upper social classes (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas) who undergo a sacred thread ceremony (upanayana) (twice-born)

• अत्र (atra) - in this context or regard (here, in this, in this matter)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - their (referring to the three dvijāti classes) (of them, their)

• अधीकारः (adhīkāraḥ) - right and authority to perform duties (dharma) (right, authority, privilege, competence)

• धर्मेषु (dharmeṣu) - regarding the natural laws (dharma) and prescribed duties (in the laws, in the duties, in the natural properties)

• द्विपदाम् (dvipadām) - among humans (as the best of bipeds) (of bipeds, of two-footed beings)

• वर (vara) - O best (vocative address to a king or noble) (best, excellent, desired)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins, members of the priestly class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, a member of the priestly class, pertaining to Brahman

from brahman (Vedic text/spiritual reality) + -a (suffix denoting descent or relation)

क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - Kshatriyas, members of the warrior or ruling class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - a Kshatriya, a member of the warrior or ruling class, relating to power or dominion

from kṣatra (rule, dominion) + -iya (suffix denoting belonging or origin)

वैश्याः (vaiśyāḥ) - Vaishyas, members of the merchant or agricultural class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vaiśya

vaiśya - a Vaishya, a member of the merchant, agricultural, or artisan class

from viś (settlement, community) + -ya (suffix denoting belonging or origin)

त्रयः (trayaḥ) - these three (classes) (three)

(numeral)

Note: Declined form of 'tri' used with masculine nouns.

वर्णाः (varṇāḥ) - social classes (varṇa) (classes, colors, kinds)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of varṇa

varṇa - color, outward appearance, class, caste, character, quality

from root vṛ (to cover, enclose)

Root: vṛ (class 9)

द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - those belonging to the three upper social classes (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas) who undergo a sacred thread ceremony (upanayana) (twice-born)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born; a Brahmin, Kshatriya, or Vaishya; a bird; a tooth; a snake

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• jāti – birth, origin, species, class
  noun (feminine)
  from root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

अत्र (atra) - in this context or regard (here, in this, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

from pronominal root a + tra

तेषाम् (teṣām) - their (referring to the three dvijāti classes) (of them, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Genitive plural of the pronoun 'tad', masculine form.

अधीकारः (adhīkāraḥ) - right and authority to perform duties (dharma) (right, authority, privilege, competence)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhīkāra

adhīkāra - right, authority, privilege, jurisdiction, competence, office

from prefix adhi + root kṛ (to make, do) + ghañ suffix. Often spelled adhikāra.

Prefix: adhi

Root: kṛ (class 8)

धर्मेषु (dharmeṣu) - regarding the natural laws (dharma) and prescribed duties (in the laws, in the duties, in the natural properties)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom, religion

from root dhṛ (to uphold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

द्विपदाम् (dvipadām) - among humans (as the best of bipeds) (of bipeds, of two-footed beings)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dvipada

dvipada - two-footed, biped, human being, bird

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dvi+pad)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• pad – foot, step
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used in vocative context with 'vara'.

वर (vara) - O best (vocative address to a king or noble) (best, excellent, desired)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, most beautiful, desired thing, boon, suitor, husband

from root vṛ (to choose, desire)

Root: vṛ (class 9)