महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-285, verse-12

पराशर उवाच ।
राजन्नैतद्भवेद्ग्राह्यमपकृष्टेन जन्मना ।
महात्मनां समुत्पत्तिस्तपसा भावितात्मनाम् ॥१२॥

12. parāśara uvāca ,
rājannaitadbhavedgrāhyamapakṛṣṭena janmanā ,
mahātmanāṁ samutpattistapasā bhāvitātmanām.

12. parāśara uvāca rājan na etat bhavet grāhyam apakṛṣṭena
janmanā mahātmanām samutpattiḥ tapasā bhāvitātmanām

12. parāśara uvāca he rājan tapasā bhāvitātmanām mahātmanām
samutpattiḥ apakṛṣṭena janmanā etat na grāhyam bhavet

12. Parāśara said: 'O King, the origin (samutpatti) of great souls (mahātman) whose inner being (ātman) has been purified by austerity (tapas) should not be deemed inferior due to their birth (janman).'

Words meanings summery:

• पराशर (parāśara) - The sage Parāśara (Parāśara)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• राजन् (rājan) - Referring to King Janaka (O king)

• न (na) - not

• एतत् (etat) - this matter, this principle (this)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, would be

• ग्राह्यम् (grāhyam) - to be deemed or considered (to be accepted, acceptable, to be taken)

• अपकृष्टेन (apakṛṣṭena) - by low, by inferior, by degraded

• जन्मना (janmanā) - by birth, by origin (janman)

• महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of great souls (mahātman)

• समुत्पत्तिः (samutpattiḥ) - origin, birth, production (samutpatti)

• तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity (tapas), by penance

• भावितात्मनाम् (bhāvitātmanām) - of those whose inner being (ātman) is purified/developed/cultivated

Words meanings and morphology

पराशर (parāśara) - The sage Parāśara (Parāśara)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parāśara

parāśara - Parāśara (proper name of a celebrated sage, father of Vyāsa)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

राजन् (rājan) - Referring to King Janaka (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this matter, this principle (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, these

भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

ग्राह्यम् (grāhyam) - to be deemed or considered (to be accepted, acceptable, to be taken)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of grāhya

grāhya - to be seized, to be taken, to be accepted, acceptable

Gerundive

from root grah (9th class, active voice) + ṇyat suffix

Root: grah (class 9)

अपकृष्टेन (apakṛṣṭena) - by low, by inferior, by degraded

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of apakṛṣṭa

apakṛṣṭa - low, inferior, despised, degraded

Past Passive Participle

from root kṛṣ (1st class, active voice) with prefix apa-

Prefix: apa

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'janmanā' (neuter).

जन्मना (janmanā) - by birth, by origin (janman)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of janman

janman - birth, origin, existence; body

महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of great souls (mahātman)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, exalted; a great person

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, ātman
  noun (masculine)

समुत्पत्तिः (samutpattiḥ) - origin, birth, production (samutpatti)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of samutpatti

samutpatti - origin, birth, production, springing up

Derived from the root 'pad' with prefixes 'sam' and 'ut'.

Prefixes: sam+ut

Root: pad (class 4)

तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity (tapas), by penance

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, spiritual effort; heat

भावितात्मनाम् (bhāvitātmanām) - of those whose inner being (ātman) is purified/developed/cultivated

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhāvitātman

bhāvitātman - one whose self/mind is cultivated/purified/developed

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhāvita+ātman)

• bhāvita – cultivated, purified, developed; caused to be
  past passive participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root bhū (1st class) in causative + kta suffix
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, ātman
  noun (masculine)