महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-285, verse-11

यत्र तत्र कथं जाताः स्वयोनिं मुनयो गताः ।
शूद्रयोनौ समुत्पन्ना वियोनौ च तथापरे ॥११॥

11. yatra tatra kathaṁ jātāḥ svayoniṁ munayo gatāḥ ,
śūdrayonau samutpannā viyonau ca tathāpare.

11. yatra tatra katham jātāḥ svayonim munayaḥ gatāḥ
śūdrayonau samutpannāḥ viyonau ca tathā apare

11. yatra tatra katham jātāḥ munayaḥ svayonim gatāḥ
ca tathā apare śūdrayonau viyonau samutpannāḥ

11. How is it that these sages, though born (in various circumstances), attained their own proper lineage (svayoni)? And how were others born in a Śūdra lineage (śūdrayoni), and still others in a mixed lineage (viyoni)?

Words meanings summery:

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place, then

• कथम् (katham) - how? why?

• जाताः (jātāḥ) - born, produced

• स्वयोनिम् (svayonim) - their own origin, their proper lineage (svayoni)

• मुनयः (munayaḥ) - sages

• गताः (gatāḥ) - gone, attained, reached

• शूद्रयोनौ (śūdrayonau) - in a Śūdra origin/lineage (śūdrayoni)

• समुत्पन्नाः (samutpannāḥ) - born, originated, arisen

• वियोनौ (viyonau) - in a different or mixed origin/lineage (viyoni)

• च (ca) - and, also

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, in the same way

• अपरे (apare) - others

Words meanings and morphology

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place, then

(indeclinable)

कथम् (katham) - how? why?

(indeclinable)

जाताः (jātāḥ) - born, produced

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen; a being, a creature

Past Passive Participle

from root jan (4th class, middle voice) + kta suffix

Root: jan (class 4)

स्वयोनिम् (svayonim) - their own origin, their proper lineage (svayoni)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of svayoni

svayoni - one's own origin, own class, proper source; one's own womb

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+yoni)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun
• yoni – womb, origin, source, lineage
  noun (feminine)

मुनयः (munayaḥ) - sages

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, hermit

गताः (gatāḥ) - gone, attained, reached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, reached, attained; moved, departed

Past Passive Participle

from root gam (1st class, active voice) + kta suffix

Root: gam (class 1)

शूद्रयोनौ (śūdrayonau) - in a Śūdra origin/lineage (śūdrayoni)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of śūdrayoni

śūdrayoni - Śūdra origin, womb of a Śūdra woman

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śūdra+yoni)

• śūdra – a member of the fourth social class
  noun (masculine)
• yoni – womb, origin, source, lineage
  noun (feminine)

समुत्पन्नाः (samutpannāḥ) - born, originated, arisen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samutpanna

samutpanna - born, produced, arisen, sprung up

Past Passive Participle

from root pad (4th class, middle voice) with prefixes sam- and ut-

Prefixes: sam+ut

Root: pad (class 4)

वियोनौ (viyonau) - in a different or mixed origin/lineage (viyoni)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of viyoni

viyoni - different origin, mixed caste, impure lineage

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+yoni)

• vi – apart, different, without
  indeclinable
• yoni – womb, origin, source, lineage
  noun (feminine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - similarly, in the same way

(indeclinable)

अपरे (apare) - others

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another, subsequent, inferior