महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-285, verse-19

जनक उवाच ।
विशेषधर्मान्वर्णानां प्रब्रूहि भगवन्मम ।
तथा सामान्यधर्मांश्च सर्वत्र कुशलो ह्यसि ॥१९॥

19. janaka uvāca ,
viśeṣadharmānvarṇānāṁ prabrūhi bhagavanmama ,
tathā sāmānyadharmāṁśca sarvatra kuśalo hyasi.

19. janakaḥ uvāca viśeṣadharmān varṇānām prabrūhi bhagavan
mama tathā sāmānyadharmān ca sarvatra kuśalaḥ hi asi

19. janakaḥ uvāca bhagavan mama varṇānām viśeṣadharmān
tathā sāmānyadharmān ca prabrūhi hi sarvatra kuśalaḥ asi

19. Janaka said: "O revered one, please explain to me the specific duties (dharma) of the social classes, and also the general duties (dharma), for you are skilled in all matters."

Words meanings summery:

• जनकः (janakaḥ) - Janaka

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• विशेषधर्मान् (viśeṣadharmān) - specific duties, particular natural laws (dharma)

• वर्णानाम् (varṇānām) - of the social classes

• प्रब्रूहि (prabrūhi) - please tell, explain

• भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one, O worshipful one

• मम (mama) - to me, my

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, also, in that manner

• सामान्यधर्मान् (sāmānyadharmān) - general duties, common natural laws (dharma)

• च (ca) - and

• सर्वत्र (sarvatra) - everywhere, in all matters

• कुशलः (kuśalaḥ) - expert, skilled, proficient

• हि (hi) - for, indeed, because

• असि (asi) - you are

Words meanings and morphology

जनकः (janakaḥ) - Janaka

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janaka

janaka - Janaka (name of a king of Videha, Sita's father)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: vac (class 2)

विशेषधर्मान् (viśeṣadharmān) - specific duties, particular natural laws (dharma)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of viśeṣadharma

viśeṣadharma - specific duty, particular characteristic, unique natural law (dharma)

Compound type : tatpurusha (viśeṣa+dharma)

• viśeṣa – particular, special, distinctive, characteristic
  noun (masculine)
• dharma – duty, righteousness, virtue, natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'prabrūhi'.

वर्णानाम् (varṇānām) - of the social classes

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of varṇa

varṇa - color, outer appearance, social class, caste, syllable

प्रब्रूहि (prabrūhi) - please tell, explain

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of brū

Imperative mood, 2nd person singular, active voice. Prefix pra- (forth, forward, thoroughly).

Prefix: pra

Root: brū (class 2)

भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one, O worshipful one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - possessing fortune/excellence, glorious, divine, venerable, revered

Note: Functions as a noun in address.

मम (mama) - to me, my

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

Note: Can be genitive ('my') or dative ('to me'). Here 'to me' is more fitting with 'prabrūhi'.

तथा (tathā) - similarly, also, in that manner

(indeclinable)

सामान्यधर्मान् (sāmānyadharmān) - general duties, common natural laws (dharma)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sāmānyadharma

sāmānyadharma - general duty, common characteristic, general natural law (dharma)

Compound type : tatpurusha (sāmānya+dharma)

• sāmānya – common, general, ordinary
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from samāna (equal, same).
• dharma – duty, righteousness, virtue, natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'prabrūhi'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सर्वत्र (sarvatra) - everywhere, in all matters

(indeclinable)

From sarva (all) + -tra (suffix for place).

कुशलः (kuśalaḥ) - expert, skilled, proficient

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuśala

kuśala - skilled, clever, expert, well, healthy

हि (hi) - for, indeed, because

(indeclinable)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

Present tense, 2nd person singular, active voice.

Root: as (class 2)