महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-226, verse-3

अधीत्य वेदानखिलान्गुरुशुश्रूषणे रतः ।
गुरूणामनृणो भूत्वा समावर्तेत यज्ञवित् ॥३॥

3. adhītya vedānakhilānguruśuśrūṣaṇe rataḥ ,
gurūṇāmanṛṇo bhūtvā samāvarteta yajñavit.

3. adhītya vedān akhilān guruśuśrūṣaṇe rataḥ
gurūṇām anṛṇaḥ bhūtvā samāvarteta yajñavit

3. yajñavit akhilān vedān adhītya guruśuśrūṣaṇe
rataḥ gurūṇām anṛṇaḥ bhūtvā samāvarteta

3. Having studied all the Vedas and being dedicated to serving his teachers (guru), one who is knowledgeable about rituals (yajña), after becoming free from his obligations to his teachers, should return home (from the teacher's abode).

Words meanings summery:

• अधीत्य (adhītya) - having studied, having learned

• वेदान् (vedān) - the Vedas, sacred knowledge

• अखिलान् (akhilān) - all, entire, complete

• गुरुशुश्रूषणे (guruśuśrūṣaṇe) - in serving the teacher, in attendance on the guru

• रतः (rataḥ) - devoted, engaged in, delighted in

• गुरूणाम् (gurūṇām) - of the teachers, of the gurus

• अनृणः (anṛṇaḥ) - free from debt, debtless

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, having been

• समावर्तेत (samāvarteta) - he should return, he should complete his studentship

• यज्ञवित् (yajñavit) - knower of *yajña* (rituals) (knower of ritual)

Words meanings and morphology

अधीत्य (adhītya) - having studied, having learned

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Formed from the root 'i' (to go) with the prefix 'adhi', then the suffix 'tya'.

Prefix: adhi

Root: i (class 2)

वेदान् (vedān) - the Vedas, sacred knowledge

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of veda

veda - knowledge, sacred knowledge, Veda (scriptures)

From root 'vid' (to know).

Root: vid (class 2)

अखिलान् (akhilān) - all, entire, complete

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of akhila

akhila - whole, complete, all, entire, undivided

Composed of 'a' (privative) and 'khila' (gap, deficiency).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+khila)

• a – not, non, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• khila – gap, vacant place, deficiency, waste land
  noun (neuter)

गुरुशुश्रूषणे (guruśuśrūṣaṇe) - in serving the teacher, in attendance on the guru

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of guruśuśrūṣaṇa

guruśuśrūṣaṇa - service to a teacher, attendance on a guru

Compound of 'guru' and 'śuśrūṣaṇa'.

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (guru+śuśrūṣaṇa)

• guru – teacher, preceptor, respected person, heavy
  noun (masculine)
• śuśrūṣaṇa – desire to hear, obedience, service, attendance
  noun (neuter)
  Desiderative nominalization
  From desiderative root 'śru' (to hear).
  Root: śru (class 5)

रतः (rataḥ) - devoted, engaged in, delighted in

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rata

rata - delighted, pleased, attached to, devoted to, engaged in

Past Passive Participle

From root 'ram' (to delight, to rest).

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Implies 'he who is devoted'.

गुरूणाम् (gurūṇām) - of the teachers, of the gurus

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide

अनृणः (anṛṇaḥ) - free from debt, debtless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anṛṇa

anṛṇa - free from debt, debtless, not owing

Compound of 'a' (privative) and 'ṛṇa' (debt).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ṛṇa)

• a – not, non, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• ṛṇa – debt, obligation, duty
  noun (neuter)
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, having been

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

From root 'bhū' with suffix 'tvā'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

समावर्तेत (samāvarteta) - he should return, he should complete his studentship

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of samāvart

Optative mood, 3rd person singular

From root 'vṛt' with prefixes 'sam-ā'.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: vṛt (class 1)

यज्ञवित् (yajñavit) - knower of *yajña* (rituals) (knower of ritual)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yajñavid

yajñavid - knowing sacrifice, acquainted with sacred rites

Agent noun

Compound of 'yajña' and 'vid' (from root 'vid').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yajña+vid)

• yajña – sacrifice, ritual, worship
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'yaj' (to sacrifice).
  Root: yaj (class 1)
• vid – knowing, wise, intelligent
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root 'vid' (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)