महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-10, chapter-4, verse-4
आवाभ्यां सहितः शत्रूञ्श्वोऽसि हन्ता समागमे ।
विक्रम्य रथिनां श्रेष्ठ पाञ्चालान्सपदानुगान् ॥४॥
विक्रम्य रथिनां श्रेष्ठ पाञ्चालान्सपदानुगान् ॥४॥
4. āvābhyāṁ sahitaḥ śatrūñśvo'si hantā samāgame ,
vikramya rathināṁ śreṣṭha pāñcālānsapadānugān.
vikramya rathināṁ śreṣṭha pāñcālānsapadānugān.
4.
āvābhyām sahitaḥ śatrūn śvaḥ asi hantā samāgame
vikramya rathinām śreṣṭha pāñcālān sapadānugān
vikramya rathinām śreṣṭha pāñcālān sapadānugān
4.
rathinām śreṣṭha āvābhyām sahitaḥ vikramya śvaḥ
samāgame pāñcālān sapadānugān śatrūn hantā asi
samāgame pāñcālān sapadānugān śatrūn hantā asi
4.
O best among charioteers, tomorrow, accompanied by us both, you will be the slayer of the Panchalas and their followers in battle, after having shown great valor.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- आवाभ्याम् (āvābhyām) - by us two
- सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied (by us two) (accompanied, endowed with, united with)
- शत्रून् (śatrūn) - enemies, foes
- श्वः (śvaḥ) - tomorrow
- असि (asi) - you are
- हन्ता (hantā) - slayer, killer, destroyer
- समागमे (samāgame) - in battle (in an encounter, in meeting, in battle)
- विक्रम्य (vikramya) - having shown valor (having exerted valor, having attacked, having overcome)
- रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers
- श्रेष्ठ (śreṣṭha) - O best (of charioteers) (best, most excellent)
- पाञ्चालान् (pāñcālān) - Panchalas (people of the Panchala kingdom)
- सपदानुगान् (sapadānugān) - with their followers, accompanied by their retinue
Words meanings and morphology
आवाभ्याम् (āvābhyām) - by us two
(pronoun)
Instrumental, dual of asmad
asmad - I, we
सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied (by us two) (accompanied, endowed with, united with)
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sahita
sahita - accompanied, joined, endowed with
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root sah (to bear, endure) with suffix kta.
Root: sah (class 1)
शत्रून् (śatrūn) - enemies, foes
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of śatru
śatru - enemy, foe
श्वः (śvaḥ) - tomorrow
(indeclinable)
असि (asi) - you are
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as
Root: as (class 2)
हन्ता (hantā) - slayer, killer, destroyer
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of hantṛ
hantṛ - killer, slayer, destroyer
Agent Noun
Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with suffix tṛ. Also functions as a future active participle.
Root: han (class 2)
समागमे (samāgame) - in battle (in an encounter, in meeting, in battle)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of samāgama
samāgama - coming together, meeting, encounter, battle
Derived from sam-ā-gam (to come together) with suffix a (Ghañ).
Prefixes: sam+ā
Root: gam (class 1)
विक्रम्य (vikramya) - having shown valor (having exerted valor, having attacked, having overcome)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Derived from vi-kram (to step forth with valor) with suffix lyap.
Prefix: vi
Root: kram (class 1)
रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of rathin
rathin - charioteer, owner of a chariot
श्रेष्ठ (śreṣṭha) - O best (of charioteers) (best, most excellent)
(adjective)
Vocative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha
śreṣṭha - best, excellent, superior
Superlative degree of praśasya (excellent).
पाञ्चालान् (pāñcālān) - Panchalas (people of the Panchala kingdom)
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla
pāñcāla - pertaining to the Pañcālas, a resident of Pañcāla, the Pañcāla people
सपदानुगान् (sapadānugān) - with their followers, accompanied by their retinue
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of sapadānuga
sapadānuga - accompanied by followers, with retinue
Compound type : Bahuvrihi (sa+pada+anuga)
- sa – with, together with
indeclinable - pada – foot, step, position, retinue
noun (neuter) - anuga – follower, attendant
noun (masculine)
Derived from anu-gam (to follow) with suffix a (ḍa).
Prefix: anu
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Qualifies pāñcālān.