महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-76, verse-24

ययातिरुवाच ।
एकमाशीविषो हन्ति शस्त्रेणैकश्च वध्यते ।
हन्ति विप्रः सराष्ट्राणि पुराण्यपि हि कोपितः ॥२४॥

24. yayātiruvāca ,
ekamāśīviṣo hanti śastreṇaikaśca vadhyate ,
hanti vipraḥ sarāṣṭrāṇi purāṇyapi hi kopitaḥ.

24. yayātiḥ uvāca ekam āśīviṣaḥ hanti śastreṇa ekaḥ ca
vadhyate hanti vipraḥ sarāṣṭrāṇi purāṇi api hi kopitaḥ

24. Yayati said: "A venomous snake kills one person, and a single person is killed by a weapon. However, an angered Brahmin destroys entire kingdoms and even cities."

Words meanings summery:

• ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - The King Yayati (Yayati)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एकम् (ekam) - one person (one, a single)

• आशीविषः (āśīviṣaḥ) - a venomous snake

• हन्ति (hanti) - kills, strikes, slays

• शस्त्रेण (śastreṇa) - by a weapon, with a weapon

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one person (one, a single (person))

• च (ca) - and, also

• वध्यते (vadhyate) - is killed, is slain

• हन्ति (hanti) - kills, strikes, slays

• विप्रः (vipraḥ) - Any angered Brahmin, especially Shukracharya in this narrative (Brahmin, learned person)

• सराष्ट्राणि (sarāṣṭrāṇi) - along with kingdoms, with their kingdoms

• पुराणि (purāṇi) - cities, towns

• अपि (api) - Emphasizes the extent of destruction (even, also, too)

• हि (hi) - Emphatic particle (indeed, surely, for)

• कोपितः (kopitaḥ) - angered, enraged

Words meanings and morphology

ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - The King Yayati (Yayati)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yayāti

yayāti - Yayati (a famous king of the lunar dynasty)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root 'vac' (2nd class), Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

एकम् (ekam) - one person (one, a single)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique

Note: Refers to 'person' (understood).

आशीविषः (āśīviṣaḥ) - a venomous snake

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āśīviṣa

āśīviṣa - a venomous snake, a serpent whose poison is in its fangs ('āśī')

Compound type : bahuvrihi (āśī+viṣa)

• āśī – fang, serpent's tooth
  noun (feminine)
• viṣa – poison, venom
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of 'hanti'.

हन्ति (hanti) - kills, strikes, slays

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of han

Present Active

Root 'han' (2nd class), Present tense, 3rd person singular

Root: han (class 2)

शस्त्रेण (śastreṇa) - by a weapon, with a weapon

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śastra

śastra - weapon, sword, knife

Root: śas (class 2)

Note: Instrument of killing.

एकः (ekaḥ) - one person (one, a single (person))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique

Note: Refers to 'person' (understood).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

वध्यते (vadhyate) - is killed, is slain

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of vadh

Present Passive

Root 'vadh' (1st class, sometimes listed as related to 'han'), Present tense, 3rd person singular, Ātmanepada

Root: vadh (class 1)

हन्ति (hanti) - kills, strikes, slays

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of han

Present Active

Root 'han' (2nd class), Present tense, 3rd person singular

Root: han (class 2)

विप्रः (vipraḥ) - Any angered Brahmin, especially Shukracharya in this narrative (Brahmin, learned person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - a Brahmin, a priest, inspired, wise, learned

Root: vip (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'hanti'.

सराष्ट्राणि (sarāṣṭrāṇi) - along with kingdoms, with their kingdoms

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sarāṣṭra

sarāṣṭra - with (its) kingdom, together with the realm

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+rāṣṭra)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, country
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'purāṇi'.

पुराणि (purāṇi) - cities, towns

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of pura

pura - city, town, stronghold

Note: Object of 'hanti'.

अपि (api) - Emphasizes the extent of destruction (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - Emphatic particle (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

कोपितः (kopitaḥ) - angered, enraged

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kopita

kopita - angered, enraged, provoked

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'kup' (to be angry) with suffix '-ita'

Root: kup (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'vipraḥ'.