महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-76, verse-13

ययातिरुवाच ।
ब्रह्मचर्येण कृत्स्नो मे वेदः श्रुतिपथं गतः ।
राजाहं राजपुत्रश्च ययातिरिति विश्रुतः ॥१३॥

13. yayātiruvāca ,
brahmacaryeṇa kṛtsno me vedaḥ śrutipathaṁ gataḥ ,
rājāhaṁ rājaputraśca yayātiriti viśrutaḥ.

13. yayātiḥ uvāca brahmacaryeṇa kṛtsnaḥ me vedaḥ śrutipatham
gataḥ rājā aham rājaputraḥ ca yayātiḥ iti viśrutaḥ

13. Yayati said, 'Through the practice of brahmacharya, I have mastered the entire Veda. I am a king, and a prince, well-known as Yayati.'

Words meanings summery:

• ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - The king Yayati, speaker of the verse. (Yayati (a king's name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke, told

• ब्रह्मचर्येण (brahmacaryeṇa) - Through the strict observance of celibacy and Vedic study. (by brahmacharya, through religious studenthood, through celibacy)

• कृत्स्नः (kṛtsnaḥ) - The complete body of the Veda. (entire, whole, complete, all)

• मे (me) - My Veda. (my, to me, for me)

• वेदः (vedaḥ) - The entire body of Vedic knowledge and scriptures. (Veda, sacred knowledge, scripture)

• श्रुतिपथम् (śrutipatham) - The state of having been heard and thoroughly learned; mastery. (the path of hearing, the range of hearing, traditional knowledge)

• गतः (gataḥ) - Has reached (the state of being heard/mastered). (gone, reached, attained, obtained)

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler, sovereign

• अहम् (aham) - Refers to Yayati, the speaker. (I)

• राजपुत्रः (rājaputraḥ) - prince, son of a king

• च (ca) - Connects 'king' and 'prince'. (and, also, moreover)

• ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - The king's own name, as he is renowned. (Yayati (a king's name))

• इति (iti) - Used to introduce a name, meaning 'named Yayati'. (thus, so, named, thinking)

• विश्रुतः (viśrutaḥ) - Widely known by the name Yayati. (renowned, famous, well-known)

Words meanings and morphology

ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - The king Yayati, speaker of the verse. (Yayati (a king's name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yayāti

yayāti - A famous ancient king; mover, one who goes.

Root: yā (class 2)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke, told

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: vac (class 2)

ब्रह्मचर्येण (brahmacaryeṇa) - Through the strict observance of celibacy and Vedic study. (by brahmacharya, through religious studenthood, through celibacy)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of brahmacarya

brahmacarya - religious studenthood, celibacy, chaste life, practice of Brahma, devoted to sacred study.

कृत्स्नः (kṛtsnaḥ) - The complete body of the Veda. (entire, whole, complete, all)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - whole, entire, complete, all, perfect.

Note: Agrees with `vedaḥ`.

मे (me) - My Veda. (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun).

वेदः (vedaḥ) - The entire body of Vedic knowledge and scriptures. (Veda, sacred knowledge, scripture)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of veda

veda - knowledge, sacred lore, the Vedas (Ṛg, Yajur, Sāma, Atharva).

From root `vid` (to know).

Root: vid (class 2)

श्रुतिपथम् (śrutipatham) - The state of having been heard and thoroughly learned; mastery. (the path of hearing, the range of hearing, traditional knowledge)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śrutipatha

śrutipatha - range of hearing, path of hearing, the ear, traditional lore, Vedic knowledge.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śruti+patha)

• śruti – hearing, listening, sacred tradition, Veda, revelation.
  noun (feminine)
  Root: śru (class 1)
• patha – path, road, way, course.
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of the verb `gataḥ`.

गतः (gataḥ) - Has reached (the state of being heard/mastered). (gone, reached, attained, obtained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived, obtained, reached, past, comprehended.

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `gam` with suffix `kta`.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `vedaḥ`.

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler, sovereign

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign, prince.

Root: rāj (class 1)

अहम् (aham) - Refers to Yayati, the speaker. (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun).

Note: Subject of implied 'asmi'.

राजपुत्रः (rājaputraḥ) - prince, son of a king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājaputra

rājaputra - son of a king, prince, a man of the kṣatriya caste.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+putra)

• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign.
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• putra – son, child.
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - Connects 'king' and 'prince'. (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - The king's own name, as he is renowned. (Yayati (a king's name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yayāti

yayāti - A famous ancient king; mover, one who goes.

Root: yā (class 2)

इति (iti) - Used to introduce a name, meaning 'named Yayati'. (thus, so, named, thinking)

(indeclinable)

विश्रुतः (viśrutaḥ) - Widely known by the name Yayati. (renowned, famous, well-known)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśruta

viśruta - heard, well-known, famous, celebrated, renowned.

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `śru` (to hear) with prefix `vi-` and suffix `kta`.

Prefix: vi

Root: śru (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `aham` (implied `asmi viśrutaḥ`).