महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-39, verse-29

ततो राजा ससचिवः फलान्यादातुमैच्छत ।
यद्गृहीतं फलं राज्ञा तत्र कृमिरभूदणुः ।
ह्रस्वकः कृष्णनयनस्ताम्रो वर्णेन शौनक ॥२९॥

29. tato rājā sasacivaḥ phalānyādātumaicchata ,
yadgṛhītaṁ phalaṁ rājñā tatra kṛmirabhūdaṇuḥ ,
hrasvakaḥ kṛṣṇanayanastāmro varṇena śaunaka.

29. tataḥ rājā sasacivaḥ phalāni ādātum
aicchat yat gṛhītam phalam rājñā
tatra kṛmiḥ abhūt aṇuḥ hrasvakaḥ
kṛṣṇanayanaḥ tāmraḥ varṇena śaunaka

29. Then the king, accompanied by his minister, wished to take the fruits. The fruit that the king picked contained a tiny worm, which was small, had black eyes, and was coppery in color, O Śaunaka.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

• राजा (rājā) - the king (king)

• ससचिवः (sasacivaḥ) - accompanied by his minister (with his minister, accompanied by the minister)

• फलानि (phalāni) - the fruits (fruits, results, rewards)

• आदातुम् (ādātum) - to take (to take, to receive)

• ऐच्छत् (aicchat) - wished (wished, desired)

• यत् (yat) - the fruit which (which, what, that)

• गृहीतम् (gṛhītam) - taken / picked (taken, seized, accepted)

• फलम् (phalam) - the fruit (fruit, result)

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

• तत्र (tatra) - there (in the fruit) (there, in that place, then)

• कृमिः (kṛmiḥ) - a worm (worm, insect)

• अभूत् (abhūt) - was present (was, became)

• अणुः (aṇuḥ) - tiny (minute, tiny, atom)

• ह्रस्वकः (hrasvakaḥ) - small (small, short)

• कृष्णनयनः (kṛṣṇanayanaḥ) - with black eyes (black-eyed)

• ताम्रः (tāmraḥ) - coppery (coppery, red)

• वर्णेन (varṇena) - in color (by color, by caste, by description)

• शौनक (śaunaka) - O Śaunaka (O Śaunaka (vocative))

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - the king (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Note: Subject of 'aicchat'.

ससचिवः (sasacivaḥ) - accompanied by his minister (with his minister, accompanied by the minister)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sasaciva

sasaciva - accompanied by a minister

Bahuvrīhi compound: sa (with) + saciva (minister).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+saciva)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• saciva – minister, companion
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'rājā'.

फलानि (phalāni) - the fruits (fruits, results, rewards)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward

Note: Object of the implied action of taking.

आदातुम् (ādātum) - to take (to take, to receive)

(verb)

active

infinitive

Infinitive form of √dā with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Purpose infinitive.

ऐच्छत् (aicchat) - wished (wished, desired)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

यत् (yat) - the fruit which (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Also accusative singular neuter. Here nominative.

गृहीतम् (gṛhītam) - taken / picked (taken, seized, accepted)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gṛhīta

gṛhīta - taken, seized, accepted

past passive participle

Past passive participle of √grah (to seize, take).

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'phalam'.

फलम् (phalam) - the fruit (fruit, result)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward

Note: Subject of the clause 'yat gṛhītam...'. Also accusative singular neuter. Here nominative.

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Note: Agent in passive construction.

तत्र (tatra) - there (in the fruit) (there, in that place, then)

(indeclinable)

कृमिः (kṛmiḥ) - a worm (worm, insect)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛmi

kṛmi - worm, insect, maggot

Note: Subject of 'abhūt'.

अभूत् (abhūt) - was present (was, became)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

अणुः (aṇuḥ) - tiny (minute, tiny, atom)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṇu

aṇu - minute, atomic, small, particle

Note: Qualifies 'kṛmiḥ'.

ह्रस्वकः (hrasvakaḥ) - small (small, short)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hrasvaka

hrasvaka - small, short, diminutive

diminutive suffix -ka

Derived from hrasva (short) with diminutive suffix -ka.

Note: Qualifies 'kṛmiḥ'.

कृष्णनयनः (kṛṣṇanayanaḥ) - with black eyes (black-eyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇanayana

kṛṣṇanayana - black-eyed

Bahuvrīhi compound: kṛṣṇa (black) + nayana (eye).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛṣṇa+nayana)

• kṛṣṇa – black, dark, Krishna
  adjective (masculine)
• nayana – eye, leading, guiding
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from √nī (to lead).
  Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'kṛmiḥ'.

ताम्रः (tāmraḥ) - coppery (coppery, red)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tāmra

tāmra - coppery, red, copper

Note: Qualifies 'kṛmiḥ'.

वर्णेन (varṇena) - in color (by color, by caste, by description)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of varṇa

varṇa - color, caste, class, appearance, letter

Note: Instrumental of means.

शौनक (śaunaka) - O Śaunaka (O Śaunaka (vocative))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śaunaka

śaunaka - name of a sage, descendant of Śunaka

Note: Addressed by the narrator.