महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-39, verse-27

गतेषु तेषु नागेषु तापसच्छद्मरूपिषु ।
अमात्यान्सुहृदश्चैव प्रोवाच स नराधिपः ॥२७॥

27. gateṣu teṣu nāgeṣu tāpasacchadmarūpiṣu ,
amātyānsuhṛdaścaiva provāca sa narādhipaḥ.

27. gateṣu teṣu nāgeṣu tāpasacchadmarūpiṣu
amātyān suhṛdaḥ ca eva provāca sa narādhipaḥ

27. After those serpents, who were disguised as ascetics, had departed, that king spoke to his ministers and friends.

Words meanings summery:

• गतेषु (gateṣu) - when they had departed (gone, departed, having gone)

• तेषु (teṣu) - those (referring to the Nāgas) (in/among them, those)

• नागेषु (nāgeṣu) - serpents (when they had gone) (among serpents, in serpents)

• तापसच्छद्मरूपिषु (tāpasacchadmarūpiṣu) - who were disguised as ascetics (having the form/guise of ascetics)

• अमात्यान् (amātyān) - his ministers (ministers, counselors)

• सुहृदः (suhṛdaḥ) - friends (friends, well-wishers)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - (emphatic) and (indeed, just, only)

• प्रोवाच (provāca) - spoke (spoke forth, declared)

• स (sa) - he (the king) (that, he)

• नराधिपः (narādhipaḥ) - king (lord of men, king)

Words meanings and morphology

गतेषु (gateṣu) - when they had departed (gone, departed, having gone)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, departed, arrived at

past passive participle

Past passive participle of √gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

तेषु (teṣu) - those (referring to the Nāgas) (in/among them, those)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine locative plural of 'tad'.

नागेषु (nāgeṣu) - serpents (when they had gone) (among serpents, in serpents)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of nāga

nāga - serpent, snake, elephant

Note: In locative absolute construction with 'gateṣu teṣu'.

तापसच्छद्मरूपिषु (tāpasacchadmarūpiṣu) - who were disguised as ascetics (having the form/guise of ascetics)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of tāpasacchadmarūpin

tāpasacchadmarūpin - having the form of an ascetic, disguised as an ascetic

Compound of tāpasa (ascetic), chadman (disguise), rūpin (having the form of).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tāpasa+chadman+rūpin)

• tāpasa – ascetic, hermitage-dweller
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from tapas (austerity).
• chadman – disguise, deceit, pretext
  noun (neuter)
• rūpin – having the form of, characterized by
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from rūpa (form) with suffix -in.

Note: Qualifies 'nāgeṣu'.

अमात्यान् (amātyān) - his ministers (ministers, counselors)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of amātya

amātya - minister, counselor, associate

Derived from amā (at home, near) and a suffix -tya.

Note: Object of 'provāca'.

सुहृदः (suhṛdaḥ) - friends (friends, well-wishers)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, well-wisher, good-hearted

Compound of su (good) and hṛd (heart).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+hṛd)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• hṛd – heart, mind, soul
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'provāca'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

एव (eva) - (emphatic) and (indeed, just, only)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

प्रोवाच (provāca) - spoke (spoke forth, declared)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: From pra- + √vac.

स (sa) - he (the king) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine nominative singular of 'tad'.

नराधिपः (narādhipaḥ) - king (lord of men, king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - lord of men, king

Compound of nara (man) and adhipa (lord).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'provāca'.