महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-39, verse-20

निवृत्ते काश्यपे तस्मिन्समयेन महात्मनि ।
जगाम तक्षकस्तूर्णं नगरं नागसाह्वयम् ॥२०॥

20. nivṛtte kāśyape tasminsamayena mahātmani ,
jagāma takṣakastūrṇaṁ nagaraṁ nāgasāhvayam.

20. nivṛtte kāśyape tasmin samayena mahātmani
jagāma takṣakaḥ tūrṇaṃ nagaraṃ nāgasāhvayam

20. When that great-souled Kaśyapa had returned, in due course, Takṣaka swiftly went to the city named Nāga.

Words meanings summery:

• निवृत्ते (nivṛtte) - having returned (returned, turned back, ceased)

• काश्यपे (kāśyape) - Kaśyapa

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (Kaśyapa) (in that, to that)

• समयेन (samayena) - in due course (by time, in course of time, according to convention)

• महात्मनि (mahātmani) - in the great-souled one (Kaśyapa) (in the great-souled one)

• जगाम (jagāma) - went (he went, he proceeded)

• तक्षकः (takṣakaḥ) - Takṣaka (the Nāga king) (Takṣaka (a proper name))

• तूर्णं (tūrṇaṁ) - swiftly (quickly, swiftly, rapidly)

• नगरं (nagaraṁ) - the city (city, town)

• नागसाह्वयम् (nāgasāhvayam) - named Nāga (referring to Bhogavatī, the capital of Nāgas) (named Nāga, having the name of Nāga (Bhogavatī))

Words meanings and morphology

निवृत्ते (nivṛtte) - having returned (returned, turned back, ceased)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of nivṛtta

nivṛtta - returned, turned back, ceased, finished

past passive participle

from root vṛt with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with `kāśyape`, `tasmin`, `mahātmani`.

काश्यपे (kāśyape) - Kaśyapa

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāśyapa

kāśyapa - name of a celebrated sage

Note: Subject of the locative absolute.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (Kaśyapa) (in that, to that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun referring to `kāśyape`.

समयेन (samayena) - in due course (by time, in course of time, according to convention)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of samaya

samaya - time, season, convention, agreement, proper moment

Note: Adverbial usage, "by (the right) time."

महात्मनि (mahātmani) - in the great-souled one (Kaśyapa) (in the great-souled one)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, high-minded, noble

compound of mahā (great) and ātman (soul)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Epithet for `kāśyape`, part of the locative absolute.

जगाम (jagāma) - went (he went, he proceeded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

तक्षकः (takṣakaḥ) - Takṣaka (the Nāga king) (Takṣaka (a proper name))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of takṣaka

takṣaka - a carpenter; a Nāga king (son of Kadrū)

Note: Subject of 'jagāma'.

तूर्णं (tūrṇaṁ) - swiftly (quickly, swiftly, rapidly)

(indeclinable)

past passive participle of root tvar (to hasten), used adverbially

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Functions adverbially.

नगरं (nagaraṁ) - the city (city, town)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nagara

nagara - city, town

Note: Destination of Takṣaka.

नागसाह्वयम् (nāgasāhvayam) - named Nāga (referring to Bhogavatī, the capital of Nāgas) (named Nāga, having the name of Nāga (Bhogavatī))

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nāgasāhvaya

nāgasāhvaya - having the name 'Nāga', or named after Nāgas (referring to the city Bhogavatī)

compound of nāga (serpent) and sāhvaya (named, having the same name)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nāga+sāhvaya)

• nāga – a serpent, snake
  noun (masculine)
• sāhvaya – named, bearing the name, having the same name
  adjective
  from sa (with, together) + āhvaya (name, call)

Note: Adjective for `nagaraṃ`.