महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-39, verse-20

निवृत्ते काश्यपे तस्मिन्समयेन महात्मनि ।
जगाम तक्षकस्तूर्णं नगरं नागसाह्वयम् ॥२०॥

20. nivṛtte kāśyape tasminsamayena mahātmani ,
jagāma takṣakastūrṇaṁ nagaraṁ nāgasāhvayam.

20. nivṛtte kāśyape tasmin samayena mahātmani
jagāma takṣakaḥ tūrṇaṃ nagaraṃ nāgasāhvayam

20. When that great-souled Kaśyapa had returned, in due course, Takṣaka swiftly went to the city named Nāga.

20. לאחר שקָאשְׁיַפַּה רב הנפש חזר לאחור כפי שהוסכם, מיהר טַקְשַׁקַה אל העיר נָאגַסָאהְוַיַה (הִיא הַסְטִינָאפּוּרַה).

Words meanings summery:

• निवृत्ते (nivṛtte) - having returned (returned, turned back, ceased)

• काश्यपे (kāśyape) - Kaśyapa

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (Kaśyapa) (in that, to that)

• समयेन (samayena) - in due course (by time, in course of time, according to convention)

• महात्मनि (mahātmani) - in the great-souled one (Kaśyapa) (in the great-souled one)

• जगाम (jagāma) - went (he went, he proceeded)

• तक्षकः (takṣakaḥ) - Takṣaka (the Nāga king) (Takṣaka (a proper name))

• तूर्णं (tūrṇaṁ) - swiftly (quickly, swiftly, rapidly)

• नगरं (nagaraṁ) - the city (city, town)

• नागसाह्वयम् (nāgasāhvayam) - named Nāga (referring to Bhogavatī, the capital of Nāgas) (named Nāga, having the name of Nāga (Bhogavatī))

Words meanings and morphology

निवृत्ते (nivṛtte) - having returned (returned, turned back, ceased)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of nivṛtta

nivṛtta - returned, turned back, ceased, finished

past passive participle

from root vṛt with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with `kāśyape`, `tasmin`, `mahātmani`.

काश्यपे (kāśyape) - Kaśyapa

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāśyapa

kāśyapa - name of a celebrated sage

Note: Subject of the locative absolute.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (Kaśyapa) (in that, to that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun referring to `kāśyape`.

समयेन (samayena) - in due course (by time, in course of time, according to convention)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of samaya

samaya - time, season, convention, agreement, proper moment

Note: Adverbial usage, "by (the right) time."

महात्मनि (mahātmani) - in the great-souled one (Kaśyapa) (in the great-souled one)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, high-minded, noble

compound of mahā (great) and ātman (soul)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Epithet for `kāśyape`, part of the locative absolute.

जगाम (jagāma) - went (he went, he proceeded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

तक्षकः (takṣakaḥ) - Takṣaka (the Nāga king) (Takṣaka (a proper name))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of takṣaka

takṣaka - a carpenter; a Nāga king (son of Kadrū)

Note: Subject of 'jagāma'.

तूर्णं (tūrṇaṁ) - swiftly (quickly, swiftly, rapidly)

(indeclinable)

past passive participle of root tvar (to hasten), used adverbially

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Functions adverbially.

नगरं (nagaraṁ) - the city (city, town)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nagara

nagara - city, town

Note: Destination of Takṣaka.

नागसाह्वयम् (nāgasāhvayam) - named Nāga (referring to Bhogavatī, the capital of Nāgas) (named Nāga, having the name of Nāga (Bhogavatī))

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nāgasāhvaya

nāgasāhvaya - having the name 'Nāga', or named after Nāgas (referring to the city Bhogavatī)

compound of nāga (serpent) and sāhvaya (named, having the same name)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nāga+sāhvaya)

• nāga – a serpent, snake
  noun (masculine)
• sāhvaya – named, bearing the name, having the same name
  adjective
  from sa (with, together) + āhvaya (name, call)

Note: Adjective for `nagaraṃ`.

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