योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-130, verse-28

तमुवाच वसिष्ठोऽपि हस्तेन शिरसि स्पृशन् ।
अद्य ते सुचिराद्राजन्नविद्यायाः क्षयोऽस्त्विति ॥ २८ ॥

tamuvāca vasiṣṭho'pi hastena śirasi spṛśan ,
adya te sucirādrājannavidyāyāḥ kṣayo'stviti 28

28. tam uvāca vasiṣṭhaḥ api hastena śirasi spṛśan
adya te sucirāt rājan avidyāyāḥ kṣayaḥ astu iti

28. vasiṣṭhaḥ api hastena śirasi spṛśan tam uvāca
rājan adya sucirāt te avidyāyāḥ kṣayaḥ astu iti

28. Vasiṣṭha also, touching him on the head with his hand, said to him, "O king, today, after a long time, may there be the destruction of your ignorance (avidyā)."

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - to him, that (masculine singular accusative)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• वसिष्ठः (vasiṣṭhaḥ) - Vasiṣṭha (name of a sage)

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• हस्तेन (hastena) - with the hand, by means of the hand

• शिरसि (śirasi) - on the head

• स्पृशन् (spṛśan) - touching, while touching

• अद्य (adya) - today, now, at present

• ते (te) - for you, to you, of you, your

• सुचिरात् (sucirāt) - after a long time, from a long time (ago)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• अविद्यायाः (avidyāyāḥ) - of ignorance (avidyā)

• क्षयः (kṣayaḥ) - destruction, end, decline, loss

• अस्तु (astu) - let it be, may it be, so be it

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner (marks a quote)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - to him, that (masculine singular accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

वसिष्ठः (vasiṣṭhaḥ) - Vasiṣṭha (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha

vasiṣṭha - Vasiṣṭha (a proper noun for a renowned Vedic sage)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

हस्तेन (hastena) - with the hand, by means of the hand

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hasta

hasta - hand, trunk (of an elephant)

शिरसि (śirasi) - on the head

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, top, peak

स्पृशन् (spṛśan) - touching, while touching

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of spṛśat

spṛśat - touching, feeling

present active participle

Derived from root 'spṛś', present tense, active voice, acting as an adjective

Root: spṛś (class 6)

अद्य (adya) - today, now, at present

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - for you, to you, of you, your

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvam

tvam - you (singular)

Note: Enclitic form, can also be genitive.

सुचिरात् (sucirāt) - after a long time, from a long time (ago)

(adjective)

Ablative, singular of sucira

sucira - very long, of long duration

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+cira)

• su – good, well, excellent, very
  indeclinable
• cira – long (of time), lasting, ancient
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially to indicate 'after a long time'.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

अविद्यायाः (avidyāyāḥ) - of ignorance (avidyā)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of avidyā

avidyā - ignorance (avidyā), spiritual ignorance, nescience

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vidyā)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• vidyā – knowledge, learning, science, true knowledge
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vid (class 2)

क्षयः (kṣayaḥ) - destruction, end, decline, loss

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - destruction, decay, end, waste

action noun

Derived from root 'kṣi'

Root: kṣi (class 1)

अस्तु (astu) - let it be, may it be, so be it

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner (marks a quote)

(indeclinable)