योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-130, verse-1

श्रीवाल्मीकिरुवाच ।
अथ राम उवाचास्य मुने केन विपश्चितः ।
स्यादुपायेन दुःखान्तः प्राक्तनात्मोदयादिति ॥ १ ॥

śrīvālmīkiruvāca ,
atha rāma uvācāsya mune kena vipaścitaḥ ,
syādupāyena duḥkhāntaḥ prāktanātmodayāditi 1

1. śrīvālmīkiḥ uvāca atha rāmaḥ uvāca asya mune kena
vipaścitaḥ syāt upāyena duḥkhāntaḥ prāktanātmodayāt iti

1. śrīvālmīkiḥ uvāca atha rāmaḥ asya mune uvāca "kena
upāyena vipaścitaḥ duḥkhāntaḥ prāktanātmodayāt syāt?" iti

1. Śrī Vālmīki said: Then Rāma asked this sage, "By what means can the suffering of a wise person end, when it arises from the manifestation of a past individual self (ātman)?"

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीवाल्मीकिः (śrīvālmīkiḥ) - Śrī Vālmīki (the revered sage Vālmīki)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अथ (atha) - now, then, thereupon

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma (the prince of Ayodhya)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अस्य (asya) - of this, his

• मुने (mune) - O sage!

• केन (kena) - by what, by which

• विपश्चितः (vipaścitaḥ) - of a wise person, of an intelligent one

• स्यात् (syāt) - may there be, should be, would be

• उपायेन (upāyena) - by means, by method, by an expedient

• दुःखान्तः (duḥkhāntaḥ) - end of suffering, cessation of sorrow

• प्राक्तनात्मोदयात् (prāktanātmodayāt) - from the manifestation of the individual self (ātman) conditioned by past experiences/karma (from the manifestation of the previous self (ātman))

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way (quote marker)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीवाल्मीकिः (śrīvālmīkiḥ) - Śrī Vālmīki (the revered sage Vālmīki)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīvālmīki

śrīvālmīki - the venerable sage Vālmīki (author of the Rāmāyaṇa)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (śrī+vālmīki)

• śrī – splendor, prosperity, revered, holy
  noun (feminine)
• vālmīki – Vālmīki (a proper name of a sage)
  proper noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अथ (atha) - now, then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma (the prince of Ayodhya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - a name of Vishnu's incarnation, prince of Ayodhya; pleasing, charming

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अस्य (asya) - of this, his

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the sage (muni) or the wise person (vipaścitaḥ).

मुने (mune) - O sage!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, hermit, silent one

केन (kena) - by what, by which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, why (interrogative pronoun/adjective)

Note: Agrees with 'upāyena'.

विपश्चितः (vipaścitaḥ) - of a wise person, of an intelligent one

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vipaścit

vipaścit - wise, learned, intelligent, a wise person, a sage

स्यात् (syāt) - may there be, should be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

उपायेन (upāyena) - by means, by method, by an expedient

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of upaya

upaya - means, method, expedient, device, way

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

दुःखान्तः (duḥkhāntaḥ) - end of suffering, cessation of sorrow

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhānta

duḥkhānta - the end or cessation of suffering/sorrow

Compound type : Tatpurusha (duḥkha+anta)

• duḥkha – suffering, pain, sorrow, misery
  noun (neuter)
• anta – end, limit, conclusion
  noun (masculine)

प्राक्तनात्मोदयात् (prāktanātmodayāt) - from the manifestation of the individual self (ātman) conditioned by past experiences/karma (from the manifestation of the previous self (ātman))

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of prāktanātmodaya

prāktanātmodaya - the rise or manifestation of a former or past self

Compound type : Tatpurusha (prāktana+ātman+udaya)

• prāktana – previous, former, past, primordial
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, individual soul, supreme soul, essence, ego
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)
• udaya – rise, coming forth, manifestation, appearance
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: i (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way (quote marker)

(indeclinable)

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