योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-54, verse-30

परं तत्त्वज्ञमाश्रित्य निरासक्तेर्महात्मनः ।
सर्वकर्मरतस्यापि कर्तृतोदेति न क्वचित् ॥ ३० ॥

paraṃ tattvajñamāśritya nirāsaktermahātmanaḥ ,
sarvakarmaratasyāpi kartṛtodeti na kvacit 30

30. param tattvajñam āśritya nirāśakteḥ mahātmanaḥ
sarva-karma-ratasya api kartṛtā udeti na kvacit

30. param tattvajñam,
nirāśakteḥ mahātmanaḥ (ca) āśritya,
sarva-karma-ratasya api,
kartṛtā kvacit na udeti.

30. By taking refuge in a supreme knower of truth—a great soul (mahātman) who is free from attachment (nirāsakta)—doership (kartṛtva) does not arise at all, even for one who is engaged in all actions (karma).

Words meanings summery:

• परम् (param) - supreme, highest, excellent

• तत्त्वज्ञम् (tattvajñam) - knower of truth, one who knows reality

• आश्रित्य (āśritya) - having resorted to, by taking refuge in, depending on

• निराशक्तेः (nirāśakteḥ) - of one characterized by non-attachment (of one who is without attachment, of the unattached one)

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of a great soul, of a noble person

• सर्व-कर्म-रतस्य (sarva-karma-ratasya) - of one engaged in all actions

• अपि (api) - even, although

• कर्तृता (kartṛtā) - the sense of being the doer (kartṛtva) (doership, agency)

• उदेति (udeti) - arises, emerges, comes forth

• न (na) - not

• क्वचित् (kvacit) - never, nowhere (when used with 'na') (anywhere, sometimes)

Words meanings and morphology

परम् (param) - supreme, highest, excellent

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, ultimate, excellent, transcendent

तत्त्वज्ञम् (tattvajñam) - knower of truth, one who knows reality

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tattvajña

tattvajña - knower of truth, one who knows reality/principles, expert in essence

From `tattva` (truth, reality) + `jña` (knower).

Compound type : tatpurusha (tattva+jña)

• tattva – truth, reality, essence, principle, element
  noun (neuter)
• jña – knower, knowing, intelligent
  adjective (masculine)
  From root `jñā` + suffix `ka`.
  Root: jñā (class 9)

आश्रित्य (āśritya) - having resorted to, by taking refuge in, depending on

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

From `ā-śri` + `-tya` (lyap).

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)

निराशक्तेः (nirāśakteḥ) - of one characterized by non-attachment (of one who is without attachment, of the unattached one)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of nirāsakti

nirāsakti - freedom from attachment, non-attachment, detachment

From `nis` (without) + `āsakti` (attachment).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (nis+āsakti)

• nis – out, away, without
  indeclinable
• āsakti – attachment, clinging, devotion
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root √sañj with upasarga ā-, forming āsakta (ppp) and then noun āsakti.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: sañj (class 7)

Note: Functions adjectivally to describe the `mahātmanaḥ`.

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of a great soul, of a noble person

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great soul, noble person, magnanimous person, supreme spirit (mahātman)

From `mahā` (great) + `ātman` (self, soul).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  Stem of `mahat`.
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: This and `tattvajñam` are the objects of `āśritya`. `nirāśakteḥ` modifies `mahātmanaḥ`.

सर्व-कर्म-रतस्य (sarva-karma-ratasya) - of one engaged in all actions

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sarvakarmarata

sarvakarmarata - devoted to all actions, engaged in all activities

From `sarva` (all) + `karma` (action) + `rata` (engaged).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+karma+rata)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
• karma – action, deed, work, ritual (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• rata – engaged in, devoted to, delighted in
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `ram` + suffix `-ta`.
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies an implicit agent (e.g., 'of him who is engaged...').

अपि (api) - even, although

(indeclinable)

Note: Used in the sense of 'even though'.

कर्तृता (kartṛtā) - the sense of being the doer (kartṛtva) (doership, agency)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kartṛtā

kartṛtā - doership, agency, the state of being a doer, authorship

From `kartṛ` (doer) + suffix `-tā` (abstract noun).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

उदेति (udeti) - arises, emerges, comes forth

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of i

Present tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

From `ud-i` (class 2).

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

क्वचित् (kvacit) - never, nowhere (when used with 'na') (anywhere, sometimes)

(indeclinable)

From `kā` (interrogative stem) + `cit` (particle).