योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-10, verse-40

आद्यन्तयोरसद्रूपे नूनं परिहृते हृदा ।
सर्वस्मिन्नेव यः शेषस्तमविद्याक्षयं विदुः ॥ ४० ॥

ādyantayorasadrūpe nūnaṃ parihṛte hṛdā ,
sarvasminneva yaḥ śeṣastamavidyākṣayaṃ viduḥ 40

40. ādyantayoḥ asat rūpe nūnam parihṛte hṛdā
sarvasmin eva yaḥ śeṣaḥ tam avidyākṣayam viduḥ

40. nūnam hṛdā ādyantayoḥ asat rūpe parihṛte
sarvasmin eva yaḥ śeṣaḥ tam avidyākṣayam viduḥ

40. When the unreal forms associated with beginning and end are certainly abandoned by the heart (mind), that which alone remains in everything—that, they know to be the destruction of ignorance (avidyā).

Words meanings summery:

• आद्यन्तयोः (ādyantayoḥ) - of the beginning and end (of the beginning and the end)

• असत् (asat) - unreal (unreal, non-existent, false)

• रूपे (rūpe) - (in the) forms (in form, in nature, in aspect)

• नूनम् (nūnam) - certainly (certainly, indeed, surely)

• परिहृते (parihṛte) - are abandoned (when abandoned, when relinquished, when avoided)

• हृदा (hṛdā) - by the heart (mind) (by the heart, by the mind, inwardly)

• सर्वस्मिन् (sarvasmin) - in everything (in all, in everything)

• एव (eva) - alone, indeed (indeed, just, only, exactly)

• यः (yaḥ) - which (who, which, that (relative pronoun))

• शेषः (śeṣaḥ) - that which remains (remainder, residue, what is left)

• तम् (tam) - that (which) (that, him)

• अविद्याक्षयम् (avidyākṣayam) - the destruction of ignorance (avidyā) (the destruction of ignorance, cessation of ignorance)

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know (they know, they understand)

Words meanings and morphology

आद्यन्तयोः (ādyantayoḥ) - of the beginning and end (of the beginning and the end)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of ādyanta

ādyanta - beginning and end, first and last

From ādi (beginning) + anta (end).

Compound type : dvandva (ādi+anta)

• ādi – beginning, origin, first
  noun (masculine)
• anta – end, limit, boundary
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the temporal aspects of existence, implying impermanence.

असत् (asat) - unreal (unreal, non-existent, false)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asat

asat - unreal, non-existent, false, bad; non-being

Present Active Participle

From a (not) + sat (being, existing, good).

Compound type : nan-tatpurusha (a+sat)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle.
• sat – being, existing, real, good
  adjective (neuter)
  Present Active Participle
  From root √as (to be).
  Root: √as (class 2)

रूपे (rūpe) - (in the) forms (in form, in nature, in aspect)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, dual of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, nature, beauty

Compound type : karmadhāraya (asat+rūpa)

• asat – unreal, non-existent, false
  adjective (neuter)
  Present Active Participle
  From a (not) + sat (being, existing).
  Root: √as (class 2)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance, nature
  noun (neuter)

Note: In locative dual, possibly referring to ādya-antayoḥ as well. 'in the two unreal forms (of beginning and end)'.

नूनम् (nūnam) - certainly (certainly, indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

परिहृते (parihṛte) - are abandoned (when abandoned, when relinquished, when avoided)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, dual of parihṛta

parihṛta - abandoned, relinquished, avoided, omitted

Past Passive Participle

From prefix pari + root √hṛ (to take, seize) + kta.

Prefix: pari

Root: √hṛ (class 1)

Note: Implies the mental abandonment or rejection of these forms.

हृदा (hṛdā) - by the heart (mind) (by the heart, by the mind, inwardly)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of hṛd

hṛd - heart, mind, soul, conscience

Root noun.

Note: Acts as the agent of abandonment.

सर्वस्मिन् (sarvasmin) - in everything (in all, in everything)

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire; everything

Indefinite pronoun/adjective.

Note: Refers to the immanence of the remaining essence.

एव (eva) - alone, indeed (indeed, just, only, exactly)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

यः (yaḥ) - which (who, which, that (relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

Relative pronoun.

Note: Correlates with tam.

शेषः (śeṣaḥ) - that which remains (remainder, residue, what is left)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śeṣa

śeṣa - remainder, residue, what is left, enduring, lasting

From √śiṣ (to leave remaining).

Root: √śiṣ (class 7)

तम् (tam) - that (which) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this; he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Serves as the object of viduḥ.

अविद्याक्षयम् (avidyākṣayam) - the destruction of ignorance (avidyā) (the destruction of ignorance, cessation of ignorance)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avidyākṣaya

avidyākṣaya - destruction/cessation of ignorance (avidyā)

From avidyā + kṣaya.

Compound type : tatpurusha (avidyā+kṣaya)

• avidyā – ignorance, nescience, illusion
  noun (feminine)
  From a (not) + vidyā (knowledge).
• kṣaya – destruction, loss, decay, end, cessation
  noun (masculine)
  From root √kṣi (to destroy, diminish).
  Root: √kṣi (class 1)

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know (they know, they understand)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √vid

Present 3rd Person Plural (or Perfect 3rd Person Plural)

From root √vid (to know, 2nd class). Common form for 'they know'.

Root: √vid (class 2)

Note: Can also be interpreted as a perfect (lit). Often used in Upaniṣads in this sense as 'they (the wise) know'.