योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-20, verse-4

एकत्वे विद्यमानस्य सर्वगस्य किलात्मनः ।
अयं बन्धुः परश्चायमित्यसौ कलना कुतः ॥ ४ ॥

ekatve vidyamānasya sarvagasya kilātmanaḥ ,
ayaṃ bandhuḥ paraścāyamityasau kalanā kutaḥ 4

4. ekatve vidyamānasya sarvagasya kila ātmanaḥ ayam
bandhuḥ paraḥ ca ayam iti asau kalanā kutaḥ

4. ātmanaḥ ekatve vidyamānasya sarvagasya kila,
ayam bandhuḥ ca ayam paraḥ iti asau kalanā kutaḥ

4. When the all-pervading Self (ātman) exists in unity, from where does this distinction of "this one is a friend" and "that one is an enemy" arise?

Words meanings summery:

• एकत्वे (ekatve) - in oneness, in unity

• विद्यमानस्य (vidyamānasya) - of the existing, of the being

• सर्वगस्य (sarvagasya) - of the all-pervading

• किल (kila) - indeed, certainly, as if

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the Self

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• बन्धुः (bandhuḥ) - friend, relative

• परः (paraḥ) - enemy or someone distinct/alien (other, enemy, supreme)

• च (ca) - and

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• इति (iti) - thus, so saying, indicating

• असौ (asau) - this (distinction) (this, that)

• कलना (kalanā) - conception, distinction, imagination

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where? why?

Words meanings and morphology

एकत्वे (ekatve) - in oneness, in unity

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ekatva

ekatva - oneness, unity, identity

विद्यमानस्य (vidyamānasya) - of the existing, of the being

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vidyamāna

vidyamāna - existing, being present, alive

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root 'vid' (to be, exist) with the śānac suffix.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'ātmanaḥ'

सर्वगस्य (sarvagasya) - of the all-pervading

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sarvaga

sarvaga - all-pervading, omnipresent

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+ga)

• sarva – all, every, entire
  pronoun (masculine)
• ga – going, moving, residing in
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'gam' (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'ātmanaḥ'

किल (kila) - indeed, certainly, as if

(indeclinable)

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the Self

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - Self, soul, essence, breath

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

बन्धुः (bandhuḥ) - friend, relative

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bandhu

bandhu - kinsman, relative, friend, connection

Root: bandh (class 9)

परः (paraḥ) - enemy or someone distinct/alien (other, enemy, supreme)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of para

para - other, foreign, alien, supreme, distant

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

इति (iti) - thus, so saying, indicating

(indeclinable)

असौ (asau) - this (distinction) (this, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of adas

adas - that, this, yonder

Note: Refers to 'kalanā' which is feminine.

कलना (kalanā) - conception, distinction, imagination

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kalanā

kalanā - reckoning, calculation, imagination, distinction

Root: kal (class 10)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where? why?

(indeclinable)