योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-20, verse-17

कोसलेषु द्विजो भूत्वा भूत्वा वङ्गेषु तित्तिरिः ।
अश्वो भूत्वा तुषारेषु जातस्त्वं ब्रह्मणोऽध्वरे ॥ १७ ॥

kosaleṣu dvijo bhūtvā bhūtvā vaṅgeṣu tittiriḥ ,
aśvo bhūtvā tuṣāreṣu jātastvaṃ brahmaṇo'dhvare 17

17. kosaleṣu dvijaḥ bhūtvā vaṅgeṣu tittiriḥ bhūtvā
tuṣāreṣu aśvaḥ bhūtvā tvam brahmaṇaḥ adhvare jātaḥ

17. tvam kosaleṣu dvijaḥ bhūtvā,
vaṅgeṣu tittiriḥ bhūtvā,
tuṣāreṣu aśvaḥ bhūtvā,
brahmaṇaḥ adhvare jātaḥ

17. Having been a Brahmin (dvija) in Kosala, then a partridge in Vanga, and then a horse in Tuṣāra, you were born in Brahmā's Vedic ritual (yajña).

Words meanings summery:

• कोसलेषु (kosaleṣu) - in Kosala (a region)

• द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - Brahmin (Brahmin, twice-born, bird)

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, being

• वङ्गेषु (vaṅgeṣu) - in Vanga (a region)

• तित्तिरिः (tittiriḥ) - partridge

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, being

• तुषारेषु (tuṣāreṣu) - in Tuṣāra (a mountainous region)

• अश्वः (aśvaḥ) - horse

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, being

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - of Brahmā (the creator deity) (of Brahmā, of the Brahman priest)

• अध्वरे (adhvare) - in the Vedic ritual (yajña) (in the ritual, in the Vedic ceremony)

• जातः (jātaḥ) - born, produced

Words meanings and morphology

कोसलेषु (kosaleṣu) - in Kosala (a region)

(proper noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of kosala

kosala - Kosala (an ancient kingdom of India)

Note: Used locatively to indicate 'in Kosala'.

द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - Brahmin (Brahmin, twice-born, bird)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born, Brahmin, bird, tooth

Formed from dvi (twice) and ja (born).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi+janman)

• dvi – two, twice
  numeral
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix from root √jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Predicate nominative with bhūtvā.

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, being

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root bhū (to be, become) with suffix ktvā.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Gerund.

वङ्गेषु (vaṅgeṣu) - in Vanga (a region)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of vaṅga

vaṅga - Vanga (an ancient kingdom in eastern India, roughly Bengal)

Note: Used locatively to indicate 'in Vanga'.

तित्तिरिः (tittiriḥ) - partridge

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tittiri

tittiri - partridge

Note: Predicate nominative with bhūtvā.

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, being

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root bhū (to be, become) with suffix ktvā.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Gerund.

तुषारेषु (tuṣāreṣu) - in Tuṣāra (a mountainous region)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tuṣāra

tuṣāra - snow, frost, a mountainous region (often identified with the Himalayas or Central Asian regions)

Note: Used locatively to indicate 'in Tuṣāra'.

अश्वः (aśvaḥ) - horse

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśva

aśva - horse

Note: Predicate nominative with bhūtvā.

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, being

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root bhū (to be, become) with suffix ktvā.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Gerund.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)

Second person singular pronoun.

Note: Subject of the main clause.

ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - of Brahmā (the creator deity) (of Brahmā, of the Brahman priest)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmā (the creator deity), a Brahmin priest, sacred word/formula

Declension of brahman (masculine, personified deity).

Note: Qualifies adhvare.

अध्वरे (adhvare) - in the Vedic ritual (yajña) (in the ritual, in the Vedic ceremony)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of adhvara

adhvara - Vedic ritual, sacrifice (yajña)

Often considered synonym of yajña.

Note: Locative of place/time.

जातः (jātaḥ) - born, produced

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, become

Past Passive Participle

From root jan (to be born).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Predicate adjective for tvam.