योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-56, verse-41

अहं कर्तेति मत्वान्तः कः खेदोल्लासयोः क्रमः ।
खेदोल्लासविलासेषु स्वात्मकर्तृतयैतया ॥ ४१ ॥

ahaṃ karteti matvāntaḥ kaḥ khedollāsayoḥ kramaḥ ,
khedollāsavilāseṣu svātmakartṛtayaitayā 41

41. aham kartā iti matvā antaḥ kaḥ kheda-ullāsayoḥ kramaḥ
kheda-ullāsa-vilāseṣu sva-ātma-kartṛtayā etayā

41. aham kartā iti antaḥ matvā kheda-ullāsayoḥ kramaḥ
kaḥ etayā sva-ātma-kartṛtayā kheda-ullāsa-vilāseṣu

41. How can there be a succession of sorrow (kheda) and joy (ullāsa) within, if one thinks 'I am the doer'? It is through this very self-agency (agency of the ātman) that sorrow and joy manifest in their various forms.

41. בהבינך בפנים "אני הפועל", איזה מקום יש לתנודה בין צער לשמחה? במשחק התנודות של צער וצהלה, מתוך עשייה זו של העצמי...

Words meanings summery:

• अहम् (aham) - I

• कर्ता (kartā) - doer, agent

• इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotative particle)

• मत्वा (matvā) - having thought, having considered

• अन्तः (antaḥ) - within, inside, in the mind

• कः (kaḥ) - what, how

• खेद-उल्लासयोः (kheda-ullāsayoḥ) - of sorrow and joy

• क्रमः (kramaḥ) - sequence, order, scope

• खेद-उल्लास-विलासेषु (kheda-ullāsa-vilāseṣu) - in the sports/plays of sorrow and joy

• स्व-आत्म-कर्तृतया (sva-ātma-kartṛtayā) - by the agency of one's own self (ātman) (by this self-agency, by the doership of one's own self)

• एतया (etayā) - by this

Words meanings and morphology

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

कर्ता (kartā) - doer, agent

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kartṛ

kartṛ - doer, agent, creator

Agent Noun

Root: kṛ (class 8)

इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotative particle)

(indeclinable)

मत्वा (matvā) - having thought, having considered

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root: man (class 4)

अन्तः (antaḥ) - within, inside, in the mind

(indeclinable)

कः (kaḥ) - what, how

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which (interrogative pronoun)

खेद-उल्लासयोः (kheda-ullāsayoḥ) - of sorrow and joy

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of khedollāsa

khedollāsa - sorrow and joy

Compound type : dvandva (kheda+ullāsa)

• kheda – sorrow, distress, weariness, dejection
  noun (masculine)
  Root: khid (class 1)
• ullāsa – joy, delight, expansion, manifestation
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: las (class 1)

क्रमः (kramaḥ) - sequence, order, scope

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krama

krama - sequence, order, succession, step, procedure

Root: kram (class 1)

खेद-उल्लास-विलासेषु (kheda-ullāsa-vilāseṣu) - in the sports/plays of sorrow and joy

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of khedollāsavilāsa

khedollāsavilāsa - sports/plays/manifestations of sorrow and joy

Compound type : tatpurusha (kheda+ullāsa+vilāsa)

• kheda – sorrow, distress, weariness, dejection
  noun (masculine)
  Root: khid (class 1)
• ullāsa – joy, delight, expansion, manifestation
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: las (class 1)
• vilāsa – play, sport, display, manifestation, charm
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: las (class 1)

स्व-आत्म-कर्तृतया (sva-ātma-kartṛtayā) - by the agency of one's own self (ātman) (by this self-agency, by the doership of one's own self)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of svātmakartṛtā

svātmakartṛtā - self-agency, doership of one's own self

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+ātman+kartṛtā)

• sva – own, one's self
  adjective (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)
• kartṛtā – doership, agency, the state of being a doer
  noun (feminine)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

एतया (etayā) - by this

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this (demonstrative pronoun)

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