योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-56, verse-13

अपर्यन्तस्य कालस्य कश्चिदंशः शरच्छतम् ।
तावन्मात्रमहाश्चर्यः किमर्थं सोऽनुधावति ॥ १३ ॥

aparyantasya kālasya kaścidaṃśaḥ śaracchatam ,
tāvanmātramahāścaryaḥ kimarthaṃ so'nudhāvati 13

13. aparyantasya kālasya kaścid aṃśaḥ śaracchataṃ
tāvanmātramahāścaryah kimarthaṃ saḥ anudhāvati

13. śaracchataṃ aparyantasya kālasya kaścid aṃśaḥ
tāvanmātramahāścaryah saḥ kimarthaṃ anudhāvati

13. A hundred years is but a fraction of endless time. Why does one, whose great wonder is confined to merely this much (brief span of life), still pursue (worldly objectives)?

13. מאה שנים הן רק שבריר רגע בתוך הזמן הבלתי מוגבל; מדוע ירדוף האדם אחר פלא קצר חולף שכזה?

Words meanings summery:

• अपर्यन्तस्य (aparyantasya) - of endless (of the endless, of the infinite)

• कालस्य (kālasya) - of time

• कश्चिद् (kaścid) - a certain, merely (someone, something, a certain)

• अंशः (aṁśaḥ) - portion, fraction (part, portion, share)

• शरच्छतं (śaracchataṁ) - a hundred years, a lifetime (a hundred autumns, a hundred years, a lifetime)

• तावन्मात्रमहाश्चर्यह् (tāvanmātramahāścaryah) - whose great wonder is confined to merely this much (brief span of life) (having only so much as a great wonder, whose great wonder is limited to only so much)

• किमर्थं (kimarthaṁ) - why (why, for what purpose)

• सः (saḥ) - one, he (the individual) (he, that)

• अनुधावति (anudhāvati) - pursues (worldly objectives) (pursues, follows, runs after)

Words meanings and morphology

अपर्यन्तस्य (aparyantasya) - of endless (of the endless, of the infinite)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of aparyanta

aparyanta - endless, boundless, infinite

From a (negative prefix) + paryanta (boundary, end).

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+paryanta)

• a – not, non-, un- (negative prefix)
  indeclinable
• paryanta – end, boundary, limit
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pari
  Root: ant (class 1)

Note: Qualifies kālasya.

कालस्य (kālasya) - of time

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, black (as adjective)

Root: kal (class 10)

Note: Possessive, "of time".

कश्चिद् (kaścid) - a certain, merely (someone, something, a certain)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - someone, something, a certain, some

From ka (who/what) + cit (enclitic particle).

Note: Qualifies aṃśaḥ.

अंशः (aṁśaḥ) - portion, fraction (part, portion, share)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṃśa

aṁśa - part, portion, share, degree

From root aṃś (to divide).

Root: aṃś (class 1)

Note: Subject.

शरच्छतं (śaracchataṁ) - a hundred years, a lifetime (a hundred autumns, a hundred years, a lifetime)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śaracchata

śaracchata - a hundred autumns, a hundred years, a lifetime

Compound: śarat (autumn) + śata (hundred). śarat is a season, often used to denote years.

Compound type : Dvigu (śarat+śata)

• śarat – autumn, year
  noun (feminine)
• śata – hundred
  numeral (neuter)

Note: Predicate nominative.

तावन्मात्रमहाश्चर्यह् (tāvanmātramahāścaryah) - whose great wonder is confined to merely this much (brief span of life) (having only so much as a great wonder, whose great wonder is limited to only so much)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tāvanmātramahāścarya

tāvanmātramahāścarya - whose great wonder is only so much, having only such a great wonder

Compound: tāvanmātra (only so much) + mahā (great) + āścarya (wonder).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (tāvanmātra+mahā+āścarya)

• tāvanmātra – only so much, merely that
  adjective
  From tāvat (so much) + mātra (only, merely).
• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• āścarya – wonder, surprise, marvel
  noun (neuter)
  Prefixes: ā+su
  Root: cary (class 1)

Note: Qualifies saḥ.

किमर्थं (kimarthaṁ) - why (why, for what purpose)

(indeclinable)

Compound: kim (what) + artha (purpose).

Note: Interrogative adverb.

सः (saḥ) - one, he (the individual) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of anudhāvati.

अनुधावति (anudhāvati) - pursues (worldly objectives) (pursues, follows, runs after)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of anudhāv

Present Active Indicative

From prefix anu + root dhāv (to run), Class 1 verb.

Prefix: anu

Root: dhāv (class 1)

Note: Main verb.

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