योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-21, verse-3

इतः केशा इतो रक्तमितीयं प्रमदातनुः ।
किमेतया निन्दितया करोति विपुलाशयः ॥ ३ ॥

itaḥ keśā ito raktamitīyaṃ pramadātanuḥ ,
kimetayā ninditayā karoti vipulāśayaḥ 3

3. itaḥ keśāḥ itaḥ raktam iti iyam pramadātanuḥ
kim etayā ninditayā karoti vipulāśayaḥ

3. iyam pramadātanuḥ itaḥ keśāḥ itaḥ raktam
iti vipulāśayaḥ ninditayā etayā kim karoti

3. This body of a woman is nothing but hair here, blood there, and so forth. What can a person of broad mind achieve with such a reprehensible thing?

Words meanings summery:

• इतः (itaḥ) - indicates direction or presence, 'here is...' (from here, here, on this side)

• केशाः (keśāḥ) - hair

• इतः (itaḥ) - indicates direction or presence, 'here is...' (from here, here, on this side)

• रक्तम् (raktam) - blood

• इति (iti) - Concludes the enumeration of bodily components, introducing the statement about the woman's body. (thus, so, in this manner)

• इयम् (iyam) - Refers to the body of a woman. (this (feminine))

• प्रमदातनुः (pramadātanuḥ) - body of a woman

• किम् (kim) - What purpose? (Rhetorical, implies 'nothing of value') (what? why?)

• एतया (etayā) - With this woman's body. (with this (feminine))

• निन्दितया (ninditayā) - With this despicable (body/woman). (by the despised, by the censured, by the reprehensible)

• करोति (karoti) - What can a broad-minded person do (accomplish)? (does, makes, performs)

• विपुलाशयः (vipulāśayaḥ) - a person of broad mind, one with noble intentions, a magnanimous person

Words meanings and morphology

इतः (itaḥ) - indicates direction or presence, 'here is...' (from here, here, on this side)

(indeclinable)

Suffix -tas indicating 'from'.

Note: Used twice to point to different components.

केशाः (keśāḥ) - hair

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of keśa

keśa - hair

Note: Plural form.

इतः (itaḥ) - indicates direction or presence, 'here is...' (from here, here, on this side)

(indeclinable)

Note: Repeated for emphasis.

रक्तम् (raktam) - blood

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rakta

rakta - blood, red

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √rañj 'to color, dye'.

Root: rañj (class 1)

इति (iti) - Concludes the enumeration of bodily components, introducing the statement about the woman's body. (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

इयम् (iyam) - Refers to the body of a woman. (this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to pramadātanuḥ.

प्रमदातनुः (pramadātanuḥ) - body of a woman

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pramadātanu

pramadātanu - body of a woman

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pramadā+tanu)

• pramadā – woman, lovely woman
  noun (feminine)
• tanu – body, form
  noun (feminine)

Note: tanu is a u-stem, its nominative singular is tanuḥ.

किम् (kim) - What purpose? (Rhetorical, implies 'nothing of value') (what? why?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what? which? why?

Note: Used adverbially.

एतया (etayā) - With this woman's body. (with this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Agrees with ninditayā.

निन्दितया (ninditayā) - With this despicable (body/woman). (by the despised, by the censured, by the reprehensible)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of nindita

nindita - despised, censured, blamed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √nind (to blame, revile) with suffix -ta.

Root: nind (class 1)

Note: Agrees with etayā.

करोति (karoti) - What can a broad-minded person do (accomplish)? (does, makes, performs)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of kṛ

Present tense, 3rd person singular

√kṛ, 8th conjugation, present active.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Verb for vipulāśayaḥ.

विपुलाशयः (vipulāśayaḥ) - a person of broad mind, one with noble intentions, a magnanimous person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipulāśaya

vipulāśaya - broad-minded, magnanimous, noble-minded

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vipula+āśaya)

• vipula – large, extensive, broad, vast
  adjective (masculine)
• āśaya – intention, disposition, mind, abode
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from ā-√śī (to lie in, reside).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Subject of karoti.