वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-72, verse-2

ततो धैर्यमवष्टभ्य रामः परपुरंजयः ।
विभीषणमुपासीनमुवाच कपिसंनिधौ ॥२॥

2. tato dhairyamavaṣṭabhya rāmaḥ parapuraṃjayaḥ ,
vibhīṣaṇamupāsīnamuvāca kapisaṃnidhau.

2. tataḥ dhairyam avaṣṭabhya rāmaḥ parapurañjayaḥ
vibhīṣaṇam upāsīnam uvāca kapisaṃnidhau

2. tataḥ dhairyam avaṣṭabhya parapurañjayaḥ rāmaḥ kapisaṃnidhau upāsīnam vibhīṣaṇam uvāca.

2. Then, gathering his courage, Rāma, the conqueror of enemy cities, spoke to Vibhīṣaṇa, who was sitting nearby, in the presence of the monkeys.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, thence, thereafter, from that)

• धैर्यम् (dhairyam) - courage (firmness, courage, fortitude, patience)

• अवष्टभ्य (avaṣṭabhya) - having gathered (courage) (having seized, having supported, having gathered)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma (proper name)

• परपुरञ्जयः (parapurañjayaḥ) - conqueror of enemy cities

• विभीषणम् (vibhīṣaṇam) - Vibhīṣaṇa (proper name)

• उपासीनम् (upāsīnam) - sitting nearby (or respectfully near) (sitting near, serving, worshipping)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• कपिसंनिधौ (kapisaṁnidhau) - in the presence of the monkeys (in the presence of monkeys, in the vicinity of monkeys)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, thence, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

धैर्यम् (dhairyam) - courage (firmness, courage, fortitude, patience)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhairya

dhairya - firmness, courage, fortitude, patience

From dhīra (firm, steady) + ya suffix.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Direct object of avaṣṭabhya.

अवष्टभ्य (avaṣṭabhya) - having gathered (courage) (having seized, having supported, having gathered)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root stambh with ava prefix + lyap suffix.

Prefix: ava

Root: stambh (class 9)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (seventh avatāra of Viṣṇu)

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of the main verb uvāca.

परपुरञ्जयः (parapurañjayaḥ) - conqueror of enemy cities

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parapurañjaya

parapurañjaya - conqueror of enemy cities

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+pura+jaya)

• para – other, enemy, highest, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
• pura – city, town, fortress
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest, conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  From root ji (to conquer).
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Epithet for Rāma.

विभीषणम् (vibhīṣaṇam) - Vibhīṣaṇa (proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vibhīṣaṇa

vibhīṣaṇa - Vibhīṣaṇa (brother of Rāvaṇa)

Root: bhīṣ (class 1)

Note: Direct object of uvāca.

उपासीनम् (upāsīnam) - sitting nearby (or respectfully near) (sitting near, serving, worshipping)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upāsīna

upāsīna - sitting near, approached, served, worshipped

Past Passive Participle (from a verb meaning to sit near) OR Present Participle (from ās in middle voice with upa)

From upa + root ās (to sit) + āna (middle participle ending).

Prefix: upa

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Describes Vibhīṣaṇa's state.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect active

Reduplicated perfect form of vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

कपिसंनिधौ (kapisaṁnidhau) - in the presence of the monkeys (in the presence of monkeys, in the vicinity of monkeys)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kapisaṃnidhi

kapisaṁnidhi - presence of monkeys, assembly of monkeys

Compound type : tatpurusha (kapi+saṃnidhi)

• kapi – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kamp (class 1)
• saṃnidhi – presence, vicinity, proximity, assembly
  noun (masculine)
  From sam + ni + dhā (to place) + i suffix.
  Prefixes: sam+ni
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Indicates location.