वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-72, verse-12

तेन वीरेण तपसा वरदानात् स्वयम्भुतः ।
अस्त्रं ब्रह्मशिरः प्राप्तं कामगाश्च तुरंगमाः ॥१२॥

12. tena vīreṇa tapasā varadānāt svayambhutaḥ ,
astraṃ brahmaśiraḥ prāptaṃ kāmagāśca turaṃgamāḥ.

12. tena vīreṇa tapasā varadānāt svayambhutaḥ astram
brahmaśiraḥ prāptam kāmagāḥ ca turaṅgamāḥ

12. tena vīreṇa tapasā svayambhutaḥ varadānāt brahmaśiraḥ
astram prāptam ca kāmagāḥ turaṅgamāḥ (prāptāḥ)

12. By that hero, through his austerity (tapas) and a boon from Svayambhu, the Brahmaśiras weapon was obtained, along with horses that could travel wherever he wished.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by Indrajit (by him, by that)

• वीरेण (vīreṇa) - by Indrajit, the hero (by the hero, by the brave one)

• तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity, by asceticism, by penance

• वरदानात् (varadānāt) - from the granting of a boon, from the boon

• स्वयम्भुतः (svayambhutaḥ) - from Brahma, the creator god (from Svayambhu, from Brahma (the self-existent one))

• अस्त्रम् (astram) - weapon, missile

• ब्रह्मशिरः (brahmaśiraḥ) - the powerful Brahmaśiras weapon (the Brahmaśiras (weapon), Brahma's head)

• प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - obtained, gained, reached

• कामगाः (kāmagāḥ) - moving at will, going wherever one wishes

• च (ca) - and, also

• तुरङ्गमाः (turaṅgamāḥ) - horses, swift-goer

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by Indrajit (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Indrajit.

वीरेण (vīreṇa) - by Indrajit, the hero (by the hero, by the brave one)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, warrior, brave man

Note: Agent of the action of obtaining.

तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity, by asceticism, by penance

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, asceticism, penance, heat

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Means by which the boon was earned.

वरदानात् (varadānāt) - from the granting of a boon, from the boon

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of varadāna

varadāna - granting of a boon, a boon

Compound type : tatpurusha (vara+dāna)

• vara – boon, wish, blessing
  noun (masculine)
• dāna – giving, granting
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from √dā 'to give'.
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Indicates the source from which something is obtained.

स्वयम्भुतः (svayambhutaḥ) - from Brahma, the creator god (from Svayambhu, from Brahma (the self-existent one))

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of svayambhu

svayambhu - self-existent, Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva

Formed from 'svayam' (self) and √bhū 'to be/become'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Source of the boon.

अस्त्रम् (astram) - weapon, missile

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of astra

astra - weapon, missile, magical weapon

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'was obtained'.

ब्रह्मशिरः (brahmaśiraḥ) - the powerful Brahmaśiras weapon (the Brahmaśiras (weapon), Brahma's head)

(proper noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of brahmaśiras

brahmaśiras - Brahma's head; name of a divine weapon

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+śiras)

• brahman – Brahma (the creator god), sacred utterance, ultimate reality (brahman)
  proper noun (neuter/masculine)
• śiras – head, top, peak
  noun (neuter)

Note: In apposition to 'astram'.

प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - obtained, gained, reached

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, gained, arrived

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √āp 'to obtain' with prefix 'pra-'.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Modifies 'astram'.

कामगाः (kāmagāḥ) - moving at will, going wherever one wishes

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kāmagā

kāmagā - moving at will, going as desired

Agent noun/adjective

Compound of 'kāma' (desire) and √gam 'to go'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāma+gā)

• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
• gā – going, moving (from √gam)
  adjective
  Agent noun/adjective
  Derived from √gam 'to go'.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'turaṅgamāḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

तुरङ्गमाः (turaṅgamāḥ) - horses, swift-goer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of turaṅgama

turaṅgama - horse (literally 'swift-goer')

Compound of 'turaṃ' (swiftly) and √gam 'to go'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (turaṁ+gama)

• turaṁ – swiftly, quickly
  indeclinable
• gama – going, moving
  adjective
  Agent noun/adjective
  Derived from √gam 'to go'.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of implied 'prāptāḥ' (obtained).