वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-72, verse-1

तस्य तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा राघवः शोककर्शितः ।
नोपधारयते व्यक्तं यदुक्तं तेन रक्षसा ॥१॥

1. tasya tadvacanaṃ śrutvā rāghavaḥ śokakarśitaḥ ,
nopadhārayate vyaktaṃ yaduktaṃ tena rakṣasā.

1. tasya tat vacanam śrutvā rāghavaḥ śokakarśitaḥ
na upadhārayate vyaktam yat uktam tena rakṣasā

1. tasya tat vacanam śrutvā śokakarśitaḥ rāghavaḥ tena rakṣasā yat uktam vyaktam na upadhārayate.

1. Having heard his words, Rāghava, emaciated by grief, could not clearly comprehend what had been said by that rākṣasa.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to the speaker, Vibhīṣaṇa) (his, of him, that)

• तत् (tat) - that (speech) (that, it)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - words, speech (word, speech, saying)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rāma (descendent of Raghu, Rāma)

• शोककर्शितः (śokakarśitaḥ) - emaciated by grief, weakened by sorrow

• न (na) - not, no

• उपधारयते (upadhārayate) - comprehends (perceives, grasps, comprehends, considers)

• व्यक्तम् (vyaktam) - clearly (clearly, distinctly, manifest)

• यत् (yat) - what (was said) (which, what)

• उक्तम् (uktam) - said, spoken

• तेन (tena) - by that (rākṣasa) (by him, with him)

• रक्षसा (rakṣasā) - by that rākṣasa (Vibhīṣaṇa) (by the rākṣasa, by the demon)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to the speaker, Vibhīṣaṇa) (his, of him, that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तत् (tat) - that (speech) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with vacanam.

वचनम् (vacanam) - words, speech (word, speech, saying)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Direct object of śrutvā.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

ktvā suffix

Root: śru (class 5)

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rāma (descendent of Raghu, Rāma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu (epithet of Rāma or Lakṣmaṇa)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

शोककर्शितः (śokakarśitaḥ) - emaciated by grief, weakened by sorrow

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śokakarśita

śokakarśita - emaciated by grief, afflicted by sorrow

Compound type : tatpurusha (śoka+karśita)

• śoka – grief, sorrow, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• karśita – emaciated, attenuated, afflicted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛś (to make thin) + kta suffix.
  Root: kṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies rāghavaḥ.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

उपधारयते (upadhārayate) - comprehends (perceives, grasps, comprehends, considers)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of upadhṛ

present middle

Causal of dhṛ (dhārayati) with upa prefix.

Prefix: upa

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

व्यक्तम् (vyaktam) - clearly (clearly, distinctly, manifest)

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

From vi + añj (to anoint, make clear) + kta suffix.

Prefix: vi

Root: añj (class 7)

Note: Modifies upadhārayate.

यत् (yat) - what (was said) (which, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Subject of the embedded clause yat uktam tena rakṣasā.

उक्तम् (uktam) - said, spoken

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vac

vac - to speak, to say, to tell

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (suppletive past passive participle from vac).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Part of the passive construction.

तेन (tena) - by that (rākṣasa) (by him, with him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

रक्षसा (rakṣasā) - by that rākṣasa (Vibhīṣaṇa) (by the rākṣasa, by the demon)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rakṣas

rakṣas - rākṣasa, demon

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Agent in passive construction.