वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-3, verse-26

स्वाध्याय निरतांश्चैव यातुधानान्ददर्श सः ।
रावणस्तवसंयुक्तान् गर्जतो राक्षसानपि ॥२६॥

26. svādhyāya niratāṃścaiva yātudhānāndadarśa saḥ ,
rāvaṇastavasaṃyuktān garjato rākṣasānapi.

26. svādhyāya niratān ca eva yātudhānān dadarśa saḥ
| rāvaṇastavaṃsaṃyuktān garjataḥ rākṣasān api

26. saḥ svādhyāya niratān ca eva yātudhānān
rāvaṇastavaṃsaṃyuktān garjataḥ rākṣasān api dadarśa

26. He (Hanuman) saw sorcerers engaged in their Vedic recitation (svādhyāya), and also roaring demons who were praising Rāvaṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वाध्याय (svādhyāya) - self-study, Vedic recitation, personal study

• निरतान् (niratān) - engaged, devoted, absorbed

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• यातुधानान् (yātudhānān) - sorcerers, demons, rākṣasas

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw

• सः (saḥ) - Hanuman (he)

• रावणस्तवंसंयुक्तान् (rāvaṇastavaṁsaṁyuktān) - associated with praises of Rāvaṇa, devoted to praising Rāvaṇa

• गर्जतः (garjataḥ) - roaring, shouting

• राक्षसान् (rākṣasān) - demons, rākṣasas

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

Words meanings and morphology

स्वाध्याय (svādhyāya) - self-study, Vedic recitation, personal study

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svādhyāya

svādhyāya - self-study, Vedic recitation, diligent study of sacred texts

derived from sva (self) and adhyāya (study)

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+adhyāya)

• sva – self, own
  pronoun
• adhyāya – study, lesson, chapter
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: part of a compound svādhyāya-niratān

निरतान् (niratān) - engaged, devoted, absorbed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nirata

nirata - engaged in, devoted to, absorbed in

Past Passive Participle

from ram (to delight) with prefix nir (into)

Prefix: nir

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: qualifies yātudhānān

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

यातुधानान् (yātudhānān) - sorcerers, demons, rākṣasas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yātudhāna

yātudhāna - sorcerer, demon, rākṣasa, malignant spirit

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dṛś

Perfect tense

reduplicated perfect form

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - Hanuman (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

रावणस्तवंसंयुक्तान् (rāvaṇastavaṁsaṁyuktān) - associated with praises of Rāvaṇa, devoted to praising Rāvaṇa

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rāvaṇastavaṃsaṃyukta

rāvaṇastavaṁsaṁyukta - joined with the praise of Rāvaṇa

compound of rāvaṇa, stava, saṃyukta

Compound type : tatpurusha (rāvaṇa+stava+saṃyukta)

• rāvaṇa – Rāvaṇa (name of the demon king)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: ru (class 2)
• stava – praise, hymn, eulogy
  noun (masculine)
  from stu (to praise)
  Root: stu (class 2)
• saṃyukta – joined, connected, united, associated with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from yuj (to join) with prefix sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: qualifies rākṣasān

गर्जतः (garjataḥ) - roaring, shouting

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of garjat

garjat - roaring, thundering, shouting

Present Active Participle

from garj (to roar)

Root: garj (class 1)

Note: qualifies rākṣasān

राक्षसान् (rākṣasān) - demons, rākṣasas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, rākṣasa, a being hostile to humans and gods

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)