वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-3, verse-21

हसितोद्घुष्टनिनदैस्तूर्यघोष पुरः सरैः ।
वज्राङ्कुशनिकाशैश्च वज्रजालविभूषितैः ।
गृहमेधैः पुरी रम्या बभासे द्यौरिवाम्बुदैः ॥२१॥

21. hasitodghuṣṭaninadaistūryaghoṣa puraḥ saraiḥ ,
vajrāṅkuśanikāśaiśca vajrajālavibhūṣitaiḥ ,
gṛhamedhaiḥ purī ramyā babhāse dyaurivāmbudaiḥ.

21. hasitodghuṣṭaninadaiḥ tūryaghoṣapuraḥsaraiḥ
vajrāṅkuśanikāśaiḥ ca
vajrajālavibhūṣitaiḥ gṛhamedhaiḥ purī
ramyā babhāse dyauḥ iva ambudaiḥ

21. ramyā purī hasitodghuṣṭaninadaiḥ
tūryaghoṣapuraḥsaraiḥ vajrāṅkuśanikāśaiḥ
ca vajrajālavibhūṣitaiḥ
gṛhamedhaiḥ dyauḥ ambudaiḥ iva babhāse

21. The beautiful city shone like the sky adorned with clouds, illuminated by its grand mansions. These mansions resounded with laughter and loud shouts, preceded by trumpet blasts, and were splendid like thunderbolts and elephant goads, adorned with networks of diamonds.

Words meanings summery:

• हसितोद्घुष्टनिनदैः (hasitodghuṣṭaninadaiḥ) - by sounds of laughter and loud shouts

• तूर्यघोषपुरःसरैः (tūryaghoṣapuraḥsaraiḥ) - preceded by the sound of trumpets

• वज्राङ्कुशनिकाशैः (vajrāṅkuśanikāśaiḥ) - resembling thunderbolts and elephant goads

• च (ca) - and, also

• वज्रजालविभूषितैः (vajrajālavibhūṣitaiḥ) - adorned with networks of diamonds/thunderbolts

• गृहमेधैः (gṛhamedhaiḥ) - Refers to the majestic buildings of the city. (by grand houses / palaces)

• पुरी (purī) - city, town

• रम्या (ramyā) - beautiful, lovely, charming

• बभासे (babhāse) - shone, appeared

• द्यौः (dyauḥ) - sky, heaven

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अम्बुदैः (ambudaiḥ) - by clouds

Words meanings and morphology

हसितोद्घुष्टनिनदैः (hasitodghuṣṭaninadaiḥ) - by sounds of laughter and loud shouts

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of hasitodghuṣṭaninada

hasitodghuṣṭaninada - sounds of laughter and loud shouts

Compound: hasita + udghuṣṭa + ninada

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (hasita+udghuṣṭa+ninada)

• hasita – laughter, laughing
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √has (to laugh).
  Root: has (class 1)
• udghuṣṭa – loud shout, resounding cry
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √ghuṣ (to sound) with prefix ud-.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)
• ninada – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)
  From ni-nad (to sound).
  Prefix: ni
  Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'gṛhamedhaiḥ'

तूर्यघोषपुरःसरैः (tūryaghoṣapuraḥsaraiḥ) - preceded by the sound of trumpets

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tūryaghoṣapuraḥsara

tūryaghoṣapuraḥsara - preceded by the sound of trumpets/musical instruments

Compound: tūrya + ghoṣa + puraḥsara

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tūrya+ghoṣa+puraḥsara)

• tūrya – musical instrument, trumpet
  noun (neuter)
• ghoṣa – sound, noise, shout
  noun (masculine)
  From root √ghuṣ (to sound).
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)
• puraḥsara – going before, preceding, accompanied by
  adjective (masculine)
  From puras (before) + √sṛ (to go).
  Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'gṛhamedhaiḥ'

वज्राङ्कुशनिकाशैः (vajrāṅkuśanikāśaiḥ) - resembling thunderbolts and elephant goads

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vajrāṅkuśanikāśa

vajrāṅkuśanikāśa - resembling thunderbolts and elephant goads

Compound: vajra + aṅkuśa + nikāśa

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (vajra+aṅkuśa+nikāśa)

• vajra – thunderbolt, diamond
  noun (masculine)
• aṅkuśa – elephant goad
  noun (masculine)
• nikāśa – resembling, like, similar to
  adjective (masculine)
  From ni-kāś (to appear).
  Prefix: ni
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'gṛhamedhaiḥ'

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'vajrāṅkuśanikāśaiḥ' and 'vajrajālavibhūṣitaiḥ'

वज्रजालविभूषितैः (vajrajālavibhūṣitaiḥ) - adorned with networks of diamonds/thunderbolts

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vajrajālavibhūṣita

vajrajālavibhūṣita - adorned with networks of diamonds/thunderbolts

Past Passive Participle (for vibhūṣita)

Compound: vajra + jāla + vibhūṣita

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vajra+jāla+vibhūṣita)

• vajra – thunderbolt, diamond
  noun (masculine)
• jāla – net, lattice, network
  noun (neuter)
• vibhūṣita – adorned, decorated, embellished
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √bhūṣ (to adorn) with prefix vi-.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: bhūṣ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'gṛhamedhaiḥ'

गृहमेधैः (gṛhamedhaiḥ) - Refers to the majestic buildings of the city. (by grand houses / palaces)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gṛhamedha

gṛhamedha - householder, (figuratively) grand house/palace (in this context)

Compound of gṛha (house) and medha (often related to 'sacrifice' or 'firmness', here implying 'substantial, grand').

Compound type : descriptive compound (gṛha+medha)

• gṛha – house, home, dwelling
  noun (neuter)
• medha – Vedic ritual (yajña), fat, marrow, firmness, strength
  noun (masculine)

Note: Instrumental agent of the shining

पुरी (purī) - city, town

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town, fortress

Note: Subject of 'babhāse'

रम्या (ramyā) - beautiful, lovely, charming

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ramya

ramya - beautiful, lovely, delightful, charming

Gerundive

From root √ram (to delight).

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'purī'

बभासे (babhāse) - shone, appeared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of bhās

Perfect middle

From root √bhās (to shine), reduplicated.

Root: bhās (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'purī'

द्यौः (dyauḥ) - sky, heaven

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dyu

dyu - sky, heaven, day

Note: Subject of comparison

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

अम्बुदैः (ambudaiḥ) - by clouds

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ambuda

ambuda - cloud (giver of water)

Compound: ambu + da

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ambu+da)

• ambu – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giver, bestower
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix -da from root √dā (to give).
  Root: dā (class 1)

Note: Instrumental agent for the shining of the sky in the comparison