वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-52, verse-22

तीक्ष्णः प्रकृत्या सुग्रीवः स्वामिभावे व्यवस्थितः ।
न क्षमिष्यति नः सर्वानपराधकृतो गतान् ॥२२॥

22. tīkṣṇaḥ prakṛtyā sugrīvaḥ svāmibhāve vyavasthitaḥ ,
na kṣamiṣyati naḥ sarvānaparādhakṛto gatān.

22. tīkṣṇaḥ prakṛtyā sugrīvaḥ svāmibhāve vyavasthitaḥ
na kṣamiṣyati naḥ sarvān aparādhakṛtaḥ gatān

22. sugrīvaḥ prakṛtyā tīkṣṇaḥ svāmibhāve vyavasthitaḥ.
saḥ naḥ sarvān aparādhakṛtaḥ gatān na kṣamiṣyati.

22. Sugrīva, who is harsh by nature (prakṛti) and firmly established in his position as master, will not forgive all of us who have committed an offense by exceeding the time limit.

Words meanings summery:

• तीक्ष्णः (tīkṣṇaḥ) - harsh (by disposition) (sharp, fierce, harsh, severe)

• प्रकृत्या (prakṛtyā) - by nature (prakṛti) (by nature, naturally, by constitution)

• सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugrīva

• स्वामिभावे (svāmibhāve) - in his position as master (in the state of a master, in the attitude of a lord)

• व्यवस्थितः (vyavasthitaḥ) - firmly established (established, fixed, settled, situated)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• क्षमिष्यति (kṣamiṣyati) - will forgive (will forgive, will bear, will be patient)

• नः (naḥ) - us (monkeys) (us, to us)

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (of us) (all, everyone)

• अपराधकृतः (aparādhakṛtaḥ) - who have committed an offense (one who has committed an offense, an offender)

• गतान् (gatān) - who have exceeded (the time limit) (gone, departed, passed)

Words meanings and morphology

तीक्ष्णः (tīkṣṇaḥ) - harsh (by disposition) (sharp, fierce, harsh, severe)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tīkṣṇa

tīkṣṇa - sharp, fierce, harsh, severe

प्रकृत्या (prakṛtyā) - by nature (prakṛti) (by nature, naturally, by constitution)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of prakṛti

prakṛti - nature, intrinsic nature, original form

From pra- √kṛ (to make, do)

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Indicates the manner or cause.

सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugrīva

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (name of the monkey king)

Literally 'beautiful-necked'

स्वामिभावे (svāmibhāve) - in his position as master (in the state of a master, in the attitude of a lord)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svāmibhāva

svāmibhāva - the state or condition of a master/lord

Compound: svāmin (master) + bhāva (state, condition)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svāmin+bhāva)

• svāmin – master, lord, owner
  noun (masculine)
  From sva (own) + min (suffix)
• bhāva – state, condition, nature, disposition
  noun (masculine)
  From root √bhū
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Indicates the state or situation.

व्यवस्थितः (vyavasthitaḥ) - firmly established (established, fixed, settled, situated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyavasthita

vyavasthita - established, fixed, settled, situated

Past Passive Participle

From root √sthā with prefixes vi- + ava-

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

क्षमिष्यति (kṣamiṣyati) - will forgive (will forgive, will bear, will be patient)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of kṣam

Future Active Third Person Singular

Root √kṣam (class 1, Parasmaipada) + future suffix -iṣya + ti (3rd singular ending)

Root: kṣam (class 1)

नः (naḥ) - us (monkeys) (us, to us)

(pronoun)

Accusative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Object of 'kṣamiṣyati'.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (of us) (all, everyone)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Object of 'kṣamiṣyati'.

अपराधकृतः (aparādhakṛtaḥ) - who have committed an offense (one who has committed an offense, an offender)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aparādhakṛta

aparādhakṛta - one who has committed an offense, an offender, guilty

Compound: aparādha (offense) + kṛta (done)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (aparādha+kṛta)

• aparādha – offense, fault, crime
  noun (masculine)
  From apa- √rādh (to fail, offend)
  Prefix: apa
  Root: rādh (class 5)
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Acts as an adjective describing the monkeys who are the object of forgiveness. The form is technically nominative plural but functions as accusative plural in this context for agreement due to metrical or epic Sanskrit conventions.

गतान् (gatān) - who have exceeded (the time limit) (gone, departed, passed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, departed, passed, elapsed

Past Passive Participle

From root √gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'kṣamiṣyati' (describing the object).