वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-52, verse-2

शरणं त्वां प्रपन्नाः स्मः सर्वे वै धर्मचारिणि ।
यः कृतः समयो ऽस्माकं सुग्रीवेण महात्मना ।
स तु कालो व्यतिक्रान्तो बिले च परिवर्तताम् ॥२॥

2. śaraṇaṃ tvāṃ prapannāḥ smaḥ sarve vai dharmacāriṇi ,
yaḥ kṛtaḥ samayo'smākaṃ sugrīveṇa mahātmanā ,
sa tu kālo vyatikrānto bile ca parivartatām.

2. śaraṇam tvām prapannāḥ smaḥ sarve vai
dharmacāriṇi | yaḥ kṛtaḥ samayaḥ
asmākam sugrīveṇa mahātmanā | saḥ tu
kālaḥ vyatikrāntaḥ bile ca parivartatām

2. dharmacāriṇi! sarve vai tvām śaraṇam prapannāḥ smaḥ mahātmanā sugrīveṇa asmākam yaḥ samayaḥ kṛtaḥ,
saḥ tu kālaḥ bile ca parivartatām vyatikrāntaḥ

2. O righteous one (dharmacāriṇī), all of us have indeed sought refuge in you. The deadline set for us by the great-souled Sugrīva, that time has elapsed while we were lingering in this cave.

Words meanings summery:

• शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, shelter, protection

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

• प्रपन्नाः (prapannāḥ) - having taken refuge, having resorted to, arrived

• स्मः (smaḥ) - Used with past passive participle 'prapannāḥ' to form a perfect-like sense: 'we have taken refuge'. (we are)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, all of us

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, truly (emphatic particle)

• धर्मचारिणि (dharmacāriṇi) - O practitioner of (dharma), O righteous one

• यः (yaḥ) - which, who

• कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - made, done, performed, established

• समयः (samayaḥ) - deadline, stipulated time (agreement, compact, convention, deadline)

• अस्माकम् (asmākam) - of us, our

• सुग्रीवेण (sugrīveṇa) - by Sugrīva

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled, by the magnanimous

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• कालः (kālaḥ) - the stipulated time, the deadline (time, season, deadline)

• व्यतिक्रान्तः (vyatikrāntaḥ) - passed, elapsed, transgressed

• बिले (bile) - in the cave, in the cavity

• च (ca) - and, also

• परिवर्तताम् (parivartatām) - while remaining/lingering in the cave (while lingering, by dwelling, during the turning/revolving)

Words meanings and morphology

शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, shelter, protection

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śaraṇa

śaraṇa - refuge, shelter, protection, home, house

Root: śṛ (class 1)

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

प्रपन्नाः (prapannāḥ) - having taken refuge, having resorted to, arrived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prapanna

prapanna - having taken refuge, having resorted to, arrived, attained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'pad' (to go, attain) with the preverb 'pra' and suffix 'kta'.

Prefix: pra

Root: pad (class 4)

स्मः (smaḥ) - Used with past passive participle 'prapannāḥ' to form a perfect-like sense: 'we have taken refuge'. (we are)

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Indicative, 1st person plural

From the root 'as' (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

सर्वे (sarve) - all, all of us

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, truly (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

धर्मचारिणि (dharmacāriṇi) - O practitioner of (dharma), O righteous one

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of dharmacāriṇī

dharmacāriṇī - a woman who practices `dharma` (righteousness, natural law), a virtuous woman

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+cāriṇī)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, constitution, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• cāriṇī – one who moves, practices, follows (feminine)
  noun (feminine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from the root 'car' (to move, to practice).
  Root: car (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - which, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - made, done, performed, established

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - made, done, performed, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'kṛ' (to do, make) with the suffix 'kta'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

समयः (samayaḥ) - deadline, stipulated time (agreement, compact, convention, deadline)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samaya

samaya - agreement, compact, convention, deadline, appointed time, opportunity

Root: i (class 2)

अस्माकम् (asmākam) - of us, our

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of aham

aham - I

सुग्रीवेण (sugrīveṇa) - by Sugrīva

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (proper name of the monkey king)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+grīva)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• grīva – neck
  noun (feminine)

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled, by the magnanimous

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, magnanimous, noble

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – soul (ātman), self (ātman), essence, spirit
  noun (masculine)

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

कालः (kālaḥ) - the stipulated time, the deadline (time, season, deadline)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, period, death, black

व्यतिक्रान्तः (vyatikrāntaḥ) - passed, elapsed, transgressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyatikrānta

vyatikrānta - passed, elapsed, gone beyond, transgressed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'kram' (to step, go) with preverbs 'vi' and 'ati'.

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: kram (class 1)

बिले (bile) - in the cave, in the cavity

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bila

bila - cave, cavity, hole, den

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

परिवर्तताम् (parivartatām) - while remaining/lingering in the cave (while lingering, by dwelling, during the turning/revolving)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of parivartatā

parivartatā - the act of turning, revolving, lingering, dwelling, condition of existing

Abstract noun-like usage or adverbial participle

Derived from the root 'vṛt' (to turn, exist) with preverb 'pari'. This form functions adverbially, indicating 'while turning/dwelling'.

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛt (class 1)