वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-36, verse-33

ते तु सर्वे हरिवराः पृथिव्यां सर्ववानरान् ।
संचोदयित्वा त्वरितं यूथानां जग्मुरग्रतः ॥३३॥

33. te tu sarve harivarāḥ pṛthivyāṃ sarvavānarān ,
saṃcodayitvā tvaritaṃ yūthānāṃ jagmuragrataḥ.

33. te tu sarve harivarāḥ pṛthivyām sarvavānarān |
saṃcodayitvā tvaritam yūthānām jagmuḥ agrataḥ

33. te sarve harivarāḥ tu pṛthivyām sarvavānarān tvaritam saṃcodayitvā yūthānām agrataḥ jagmuḥ.

33. All those chief monkeys, having quickly encouraged all the other monkeys on the earth, then went forth at the head of their troops.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - they, those

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, then, on the other hand

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

• हरिवराः (harivarāḥ) - chief monkeys, best of monkeys

• पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on the earth, among the creatures of the earth

• सर्ववानरान् (sarvavānarān) - all monkeys

• संचोदयित्वा (saṁcodayitvā) - having urged, having incited, having encouraged

• त्वरितम् (tvaritam) - quickly, swiftly

• यूथानाम् (yūthānām) - of the troops, of the herds

• जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they went

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front, at the head, before

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the main monkey chiefs.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, then, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Agrees with `harivarāḥ`.

हरिवराः (harivarāḥ) - chief monkeys, best of monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of harivara

harivara - best of monkeys, chief monkey

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hari+vara)

• hari – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• vara – best, excellent, boon
  adjective
  Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Subject of `jagmuḥ`.

पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on the earth, among the creatures of the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground

Root: pṛth (class 6)

Note: Adverbial use indicating 'on the earth' or 'among earthly beings'.

सर्ववानरान् (sarvavānarān) - all monkeys

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarvavānara

sarvavānara - all monkeys

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+vānara)

• sarva – all, every
  adjective
• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of `saṃcodayitvā`.

संचोदयित्वा (saṁcodayitvā) - having urged, having incited, having encouraged

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund) of causative

Root *cud* with prefix *sam*, causative stem *codayati*, then absolutive suffix -tvā

Prefix: sam

Root: cud (class 10)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

त्वरितम् (tvaritam) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

From root *tvar* (to hasten)

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Modifies `saṃcodayitvā`.

यूथानाम् (yūthānām) - of the troops, of the herds

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of yūtha

yūtha - troop, herd, multitude, host

Note: Possessive, related to `agrataḥ`.

जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they went

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of gam

perfect tense, 3rd plural

Reduplicated perfect, parasmaipada

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front, at the head, before

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from *agra* (front) with suffix -tas.