वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-36, verse-17

ते पदं विष्णुविक्रान्तं पतत्रिज्योतिरध्वगाः ।
प्रयाताः प्रहिता राज्ञा हरयस्तत्क्षणेन वै ॥१७॥

17. te padaṃ viṣṇuvikrāntaṃ patatrijyotiradhvagāḥ ,
prayātāḥ prahitā rājñā harayastatkṣaṇena vai.

17. te padam viṣṇuvikrāntam patatrijyotiradhvagāḥ |
prayātāḥ prahitāḥ rājñā harayaḥ tatkṣaṇena vai

17. te harayaḥ rājñā prahitāḥ,
patatrijyotiradhvagāḥ (santaḥ),
viṣṇuvikrāntam padam tatkṣaṇena vai prayātāḥ

17. Those monkeys, dispatched by the king, travelling swiftly like birds and light, immediately set out for the place (padam) traversed by Viṣṇu (the whole earth).

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - they, those

• पदम् (padam) - place, step, foot, abode

• विष्णुविक्रान्तम् (viṣṇuvikrāntam) - referring to the entire earth covered by Viṣṇu's stride (traversed by Viṣṇu, mighty-stepped by Viṣṇu)

• पतत्रिज्योतिरध्वगाः (patatrijyotiradhvagāḥ) - travellers like birds and light, those who travel swiftly like birds and light

• प्रयाताः (prayātāḥ) - set out, departed, gone forth

• प्रहिताः (prahitāḥ) - sent, dispatched

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by Sugrīva (by the king)

• हरयः (harayaḥ) - monkeys

• तत्क्षणेन (tatkṣaṇena) - at that moment, instantly, immediately

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पदम् (padam) - place, step, foot, abode

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pada

pada - foot, step, place, mark

from root pad 'to go'

Root: pad (class 4)

विष्णुविक्रान्तम् (viṣṇuvikrāntam) - referring to the entire earth covered by Viṣṇu's stride (traversed by Viṣṇu, mighty-stepped by Viṣṇu)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of viṣṇuvikrānta

viṣṇuvikrānta - traversed by Viṣṇu, Viṣṇu's stride

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viṣṇu+vikrānta)

• viṣṇu – Viṣṇu (a deity)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: viṣ (class 3)
• vikrānta – traversed, mighty-stepped
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  formed from vi + kram 'to step, to stride'
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)

पतत्रिज्योतिरध्वगाः (patatrijyotiradhvagāḥ) - travellers like birds and light, those who travel swiftly like birds and light

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of patatrijyotiradhvaga

patatrijyotiradhvaga - travelling like birds and light

Compound type : dvandva (patatri+jyotis+adhvaga)

• patatri – bird, flyer
  noun (masculine)
  from patra 'wing'
  Root: pat (class 1)
• jyotis – light, radiance, star
  noun (neuter)
  from root dyut 'to shine'
  Root: dyut (class 1)
• adhvaga – traveller, one who goes on the road
  noun (masculine)
  from adhvan 'path' + gam 'to go'
  Root: gam (class 1)

प्रयाताः (prayātāḥ) - set out, departed, gone forth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prayāta

prayāta - gone forth, departed, set out

Past Passive Participle

formed from pra + yā 'to go'

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Participle used predicatively, implying 'they were set out'.

प्रहिताः (prahitāḥ) - sent, dispatched

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prahita

prahita - sent, dispatched, appointed

Past Passive Participle

formed from pra + hi 'to send'

Prefix: pra

Root: hi (class 5)

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by Sugrīva (by the king)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Agent of 'prahitāḥ'.

हरयः (harayaḥ) - monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hari

hari - monkey, tawny, lion, Indra, Viṣṇu

तत्क्षणेन (tatkṣaṇena) - at that moment, instantly, immediately

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tatkṣaṇa

tatkṣaṇa - that moment, instant

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tad+kṣaṇa)

• tad – that
  pronoun (neuter)
• kṣaṇa – moment, instant
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṣaṇ (class 10)

Note: Used adverbially.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic.