वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-36, verse-18

ते समुद्रेषु गिरिषु वनेषु च सरित्सु च ।
वानरा वानरान् सर्वान् रामहेतोरचोदयन् ॥१८॥

18. te samudreṣu giriṣu vaneṣu ca saritsu ca ,
vānarā vānarān sarvān rāmahetoracodayan.

18. te samudreṣu giriṣu vaneṣu ca saritsu ca |
vānarāḥ vānarān sarvān rāmahetoḥ acodayan

18. te vānarāḥ samudreṣu,
giriṣu,
vaneṣu ca,
saritsu ca,
rāmahetoḥ sarvān vānarān acodayan

18. Those monkeys, in the oceans, on mountains, in forests, and by rivers, urged all the other monkeys for the sake of Rāma.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - they, those

• समुद्रेषु (samudreṣu) - in the oceans, in the seas

• गिरिषु (giriṣu) - on the mountains

• वनेषु (vaneṣu) - in the forests

• च (ca) - and

• सरित्सु (saritsu) - by the rivers, in the rivers

• च (ca) - and

• वानराः (vānarāḥ) - monkeys

• वानरान् (vānarān) - monkeys

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all

• रामहेतोः (rāmahetoḥ) - for the sake of Rāma

• अचोदयन् (acodayan) - they urged, incited

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

समुद्रेषु (samudreṣu) - in the oceans, in the seas

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of samudra

samudra - ocean, sea

गिरिषु (giriṣu) - on the mountains

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of giri

giri - mountain, hill

from root gṝ 'to swallow' or 'to raise'

Root: gṝ (class 9)

वनेषु (vaneṣu) - in the forests

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Root: van (class 10)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सरित्सु (saritsu) - by the rivers, in the rivers

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of sarit

sarit - river, stream

from root sṛ 'to flow'

Root: sṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वानराः (vānarāḥ) - monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey

वानरान् (vānarān) - monkeys

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every

रामहेतोः (rāmahetoḥ) - for the sake of Rāma

(noun)

masculine, singular of rāmahetu

rāmahetu - cause of Rāma, for Rāma's sake

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rāma+hetu)

• rāma – Rāma (a proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)
• hetu – cause, reason, motive
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hi (class 5)

Note: Used adverbially with the suffix -toḥ meaning 'for the sake of'.

अचोदयन् (acodayan) - they urged, incited

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of cud

Causative of root cud

Root: cud (class 10)