वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-36, verse-21

अस्तं गच्छति यत्रार्कस्तस्मिन् गिरिवरे रताः ।
तप्तहेमसमाभासास्तस्मात् कोट्यो दशच्युताः ॥२१॥

21. astaṃ gacchati yatrārkastasmin girivare ratāḥ ,
taptahemasamābhāsāstasmāt koṭyo daśacyutāḥ.

21. astam gacchati yatra arkaḥ tasmin girivare ratāḥ
taptahemasamābhāsāḥ tasmāt koṭyaḥ daśa cyutāḥ

21. yatra arkaḥ astam gacchati tasmin girivare ratāḥ
taptahemasamābhāsāḥ daśa koṭyaḥ tasmāt cyutāḥ

21. Ten crores (100 million) of (monkeys), dwelling on that supreme mountain where the sun sets and shining with the brilliance of molten gold, descended from there.

Words meanings summery:

• अस्तम् (astam) - to setting (of the sun) (to setting, disappearance)

• गच्छति (gacchati) - goes, moves

• यत्र (yatra) - where

• अर्कः (arkaḥ) - sun, ray, praise

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

• गिरिवरे (girivare) - in the excellent mountain

• रताः (ratāḥ) - dwelling (on the mountain) (delighted, engaged in, dwelling)

• तप्तहेमसमाभासाः (taptahemasamābhāsāḥ) - having the splendor of molten gold

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that mountain (from that)

• कोट्यः (koṭyaḥ) - crores (ten million units)

• दश (daśa) - ten

• च्युताः (cyutāḥ) - fallen, descended, deprived

Words meanings and morphology

अस्तम् (astam) - to setting (of the sun) (to setting, disappearance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of asta

asta - setting (of sun), disappearance, home, end

Root: as (class 2)

गच्छति (gacchati) - goes, moves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of gam

present tense, 3rd singular

From root gam

Root: gam (class 1)

यत्र (yatra) - where

(indeclinable)

Pronominal adverb

अर्कः (arkaḥ) - sun, ray, praise

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arka

arka - sun, solar deity, ray, praise

Root: arc (class 1)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine/neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Modifies girivare.

गिरिवरे (girivare) - in the excellent mountain

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of girivara

girivara - excellent mountain, best of mountains

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa / karmadhāraya (giri+vara)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• vara – excellent, best, choice
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Root: vṛ (class 9)

रताः (ratāḥ) - dwelling (on the mountain) (delighted, engaged in, dwelling)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of rata

rata - delighted, attached, engaged in, dwelling, resting

Past Passive Participle

From root ram (to delight, rest)

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with koṭyaḥ.

तप्तहेमसमाभासाः (taptahemasamābhāsāḥ) - having the splendor of molten gold

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of taptahemasamābhāsa

taptahemasamābhāsa - having the lustre of molten gold

Compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tapta+heman+samābhāsa)

• tapta – heated, molten, burnt
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root tap (to heat, shine)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• heman – gold
  noun (neuter)
• samābhāsa – splendor, lustre, resembling
  noun/adjective (masculine)
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with koṭyaḥ.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that mountain (from that)

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine/neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the mountain (girivara).

कोट्यः (koṭyaḥ) - crores (ten million units)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of koṭi

koṭi - ten million, crore, edge, summit

Note: Subject of cyutāḥ.

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with koṭyaḥ in number and case.

च्युताः (cyutāḥ) - fallen, descended, deprived

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of cyuta

cyuta - fallen, descended, departed, deviated

Past Passive Participle

From root cyu (to fall, move)

Root: cyu (class 1)

Note: Agrees with koṭyaḥ.