वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-36, verse-31

तानि मूलानि दिव्यानि फलानि च फलाशनाः ।
औषधानि च दिव्यानि जगृहुर्हरियूथपाः ॥३१॥

31. tāni mūlāni divyāni phalāni ca phalāśanāḥ ,
auṣadhāni ca divyāni jagṛhurhariyūthapāḥ.

31. tāni mūlāni divyāni phalāni ca phalāśanāḥ
| auṣadhāni ca divyāni jagṛhuḥ hariyūthapāḥ

31. phalāśanāḥ hariyūthapāḥ tāni divyāni mūlāni phalāni ca divyāni auṣadhāni ca jagṛhuḥ.

31. Those monkey chiefs, who subsist on fruit, gathered divine roots, divine fruits, and divine herbs.

Words meanings summery:

• तानि (tāni) - those

• मूलानि (mūlāni) - roots

• दिव्यानि (divyāni) - divine, heavenly, excellent

• फलानि (phalāni) - fruits, results

• च (ca) - and

• फलाशनाः (phalāśanāḥ) - fruit-eaters, those who subsist on fruit

• औषधानि (auṣadhāni) - herbs, medicinal plants

• च (ca) - and

• दिव्यानि (divyāni) - divine, heavenly, excellent

• जगृहुः (jagṛhuḥ) - they gathered, they took

• हरियूथपाः (hariyūthapāḥ) - monkey chiefs, leaders of the monkey troops

Words meanings and morphology

तानि (tāni) - those

(pronoun)

neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, those

मूलानि (mūlāni) - roots

(noun)

neuter, plural of mūla

mūla - root, basis, origin

दिव्यानि (divyāni) - divine, heavenly, excellent

(adjective)

neuter, plural of divya

divya - divine, celestial, heavenly, excellent, beautiful

Derived from *div* (heaven) with suffix *ya*.

Root: div (class 4)

फलानि (phalāni) - fruits, results

(noun)

neuter, plural of phala

phala - fruit, reward, consequence, result

Root: phal (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

फलाशनाः (phalāśanāḥ) - fruit-eaters, those who subsist on fruit

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of phalāśana

phalāśana - fruit-eater, living on fruits

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (phala+aśana)

• phala – fruit
  noun (neuter)
  Root: phal (class 1)
• aśana – eating, food
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root *aś* (to eat)
  Root: aś (class 9)

Note: Agrees with `hariyūthapāḥ`.

औषधानि (auṣadhāni) - herbs, medicinal plants

(noun)

neuter, plural of auṣadha

auṣadha - herb, medicinal plant, drug

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

दिव्यानि (divyāni) - divine, heavenly, excellent

(adjective)

neuter, plural of divya

divya - divine, celestial, heavenly, excellent, beautiful

Derived from *div* (heaven) with suffix *ya*.

Root: div (class 4)

जगृहुः (jagṛhuḥ) - they gathered, they took

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of grah

perfect tense, 3rd plural

Reduplicated perfect, parasmaipada

Root: grah (class 9)

हरियूथपाः (hariyūthapāḥ) - monkey chiefs, leaders of the monkey troops

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hariyūthapa

hariyūthapa - chief of monkeys, leader of a monkey troop

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hari+yūthapa)

• hari – monkey, tawny, lion
  noun (masculine)
• yūthapa – leader of a troop, chief
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of `yūtha` (troop) and `pa` (protector/leader)

Note: Subject of the verb `jagṛhuḥ`.