वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-58, verse-15

ककुभः ककुभोरुं तां व्यक्तं जानाति मैथिलीम् ।
लतापल्लवपुष्पाढ्यो भाति ह्येष वनस्पतिः ॥१५॥

15. kakubhaḥ kakubhoruṃ tāṃ vyaktaṃ jānāti maithilīm ,
latāpallavapuṣpāḍhyo bhāti hyeṣa vanaspatiḥ.

15. kakubhaḥ kakubhorum tām vyaktam jānāti maithilīm
| latāpallavapuṣpāḍhyaḥ bhāti hi eṣa vanaspatiḥ

15. kakubhaḥ kakubhorum tām maithilīm vyaktam jānāti
hi eṣa latāpallavapuṣpāḍhyaḥ vanaspatiḥ bhāti

15. O Kakubha tree, you certainly know that Maithili (Sita), whose thighs are graceful like your branches. For this tree, laden with vines, fresh leaves, and flowers, truly shines brightly.

Words meanings summery:

• ककुभः (kakubhaḥ) - O Kakubha tree (direct address) (O Kakubha (tree))

• ककुभोरुम् (kakubhorum) - (Sita) whose thighs are graceful like the branches of a Kakubha tree (accusative feminine singular) (having thighs like Kakubha (tree))

• ताम् (tām) - that (beloved, Sita) (that (feminine accusative))

• व्यक्तम् (vyaktam) - certainly, clearly (clearly, certainly, manifestly)

• जानाति (jānāti) - knows (you know) (knows)

• मैथिलीम् (maithilīm) - Maithili (Sita, object of knowledge) (Maithili (Sita))

• लतापल्लवपुष्पाढ्यः (latāpallavapuṣpāḍhyaḥ) - laden with vines, fresh leaves, and flowers (nominative masculine singular, qualifying vanaspatiḥ) (rich in vines, sprouts, and flowers)

• भाति (bhāti) - truly shines brightly (shines, appears)

• हि (hi) - for, truly (indeed, surely, for)

• एष (eṣa) - this (tree) (this (masculine))

• वनस्पतिः (vanaspatiḥ) - this tree (tree, lord of the forest)

Words meanings and morphology

ककुभः (kakubhaḥ) - O Kakubha tree (direct address) (O Kakubha (tree))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kakubha

kakubha - Kakubha tree (Terminalia arjuna, same as Arjuna), direction, region

ककुभोरुम् (kakubhorum) - (Sita) whose thighs are graceful like the branches of a Kakubha tree (accusative feminine singular) (having thighs like Kakubha (tree))

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kakubhoru

kakubhoru - having thighs like the Kakubha tree

Feminine form (though -uru already has feminine meaning/ending in compound)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kakubha+ūru)

• kakubha – Kakubha tree, direction
  noun (masculine/feminine)
• ūru – thigh
  noun (masculine/feminine)

Note: Qualifies Maithili.

ताम् (tām) - that (beloved, Sita) (that (feminine accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

व्यक्तम् (vyaktam) - certainly, clearly (clearly, certainly, manifestly)

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root añj (to anoint, make clear) with prefix vi. Used as an adverb here.

Prefix: vi

Root: añj (class 7)

जानाति (jānāti) - knows (you know) (knows)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (lat) of jñā

Root: jñā (class 9)

मैथिलीम् (maithilīm) - Maithili (Sita, object of knowledge) (Maithili (Sita))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of maithilī

maithilī - a woman from Mithila, Sita (daughter of the king of Mithila, Janaka)

Feminine patronymic from mithila.

Note: Object of jānāti.

लतापल्लवपुष्पाढ्यः (latāpallavapuṣpāḍhyaḥ) - laden with vines, fresh leaves, and flowers (nominative masculine singular, qualifying vanaspatiḥ) (rich in vines, sprouts, and flowers)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of latāpallavapuṣpāḍhya

latāpallavapuṣpāḍhya - abundant with vines, sprouts, and flowers

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (latā+pallava+puṣpa+āḍhya)

• latā – creeper, vine
  noun (feminine)
• pallava – new leaf, sprout, shoot
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• puṣpa – flower
  noun (neuter)
• āḍhya – rich, wealthy, abundant, full of
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies vanaspatiḥ.

भाति (bhāti) - truly shines brightly (shines, appears)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (lat) of bhā

Root: bhā (class 2)

हि (hi) - for, truly (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

एष (eṣa) - this (tree) (this (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Subject of bhāti.

वनस्पतिः (vanaspatiḥ) - this tree (tree, lord of the forest)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vanaspati

vanaspati - tree, large tree (that flowers without visible blossoms or bears fruit without flowering), lord of the forest

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+pati)

• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of bhāti.