वाल्मीकि-रामायणम्
vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam
-
book-3, chapter-22, verse-9
क्षतजार्द्रसवर्णाभा संध्याकालं विना बभौ ।
खरस्याभिमुखं नेदुस्तदा घोरा मृगाः खगाः ॥९॥
खरस्याभिमुखं नेदुस्तदा घोरा मृगाः खगाः ॥९॥
9. kṣatajārdrasavarṇābhā saṃdhyākālaṃ vinā babhau ,
kharasyābhimukhaṃ nedustadā ghorā mṛgāḥ khagāḥ.
kharasyābhimukhaṃ nedustadā ghorā mṛgāḥ khagāḥ.
9.
kṣataja-ardra-savarṇa-ābhā saṃdhyākālam vinā babhau
| kharasya abhimukham neduḥ tadā ghorāḥ mṛgāḥ khagāḥ
| kharasya abhimukham neduḥ tadā ghorāḥ mṛgāḥ khagāḥ
9.
saṃdhyākālam vinā kṣataja-ardra-savarṇa-ābhā babhau
tadā ghorāḥ mṛgāḥ khagāḥ kharasya abhimukham neduḥ
tadā ghorāḥ mṛgāḥ khagāḥ kharasya abhimukham neduḥ
9.
Without it being evening, an appearance the color of fresh blood shone. Then, fierce animals and birds cried out facing Khara.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- क्षतज-अर्द्र-सवर्ण-आभा (kṣataja-ardra-savarṇa-ābhā) - having the appearance/luster of the color of wet blood
- संध्याकालम् (saṁdhyākālam) - evening time, twilight
- विना (vinā) - without, except for
- बभौ (babhau) - shone, appeared brilliant
- खरस्य (kharasya) - of Khara
- अभिमुखम् (abhimukham) - facing, towards
- नेदुः (neduḥ) - cried out, roared, sounded
- तदा (tadā) - then, at that time
- घोराः (ghorāḥ) - fierce, dreadful, terrible
- मृगाः (mṛgāḥ) - animals, deer, beasts
- खगाः (khagāḥ) - birds, creatures moving in the sky
Words meanings and morphology
क्षतज-अर्द्र-सवर्ण-आभा (kṣataja-ardra-savarṇa-ābhā) - having the appearance/luster of the color of wet blood
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of kṣataja-ardra-savarṇa-ābhā
kṣataja-ardra-savarṇa-ābhā - having the appearance/luster of the color of wet blood
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṣataja+ardra+savarṇa+ābhā)
- kṣataja – blood; born from a wound
noun (neuter)
Derived from kṣata (wound) + ja (born) - ardra – wet, moist, soaked
adjective (neuter) - savarṇa – of the same color, similar, homogeneous
adjective (masculine)
Prefix: sa - ābhā – splendor, light, luster, appearance, color
noun (feminine)
Prefix: ā
Root: bhā (class 2)
संध्याकालम् (saṁdhyākālam) - evening time, twilight
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃdhyākāla
saṁdhyākāla - evening time, twilight
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṃdhyā+kāla)
- saṃdhyā – twilight, junction of day and night, evening prayer
noun (feminine) - kāla – time, period
noun (masculine)
विना (vinā) - without, except for
(indeclinable)
बभौ (babhau) - shone, appeared brilliant
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of bhā
Perfect Active
From root bhā (to shine), Perfect tense, 3rd person singular
Root: bhā (class 2)
खरस्य (kharasya) - of Khara
(proper noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of khara
khara - Khara (a demon, Rāvaṇa's brother)
अभिमुखम् (abhimukham) - facing, towards
(indeclinable)
Can also be an adjective in accusative singular neuter
Prefix: abhi
Root: mukh
नेदुः (neduḥ) - cried out, roared, sounded
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of nad
Perfect Active
From root nad (to sound), Perfect tense, 3rd person plural
Root: nad (class 1)
तदा (tadā) - then, at that time
(indeclinable)
घोराः (ghorāḥ) - fierce, dreadful, terrible
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of ghora
ghora - fierce, dreadful, terrible, fearful
मृगाः (mṛgāḥ) - animals, deer, beasts
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of mṛga
mṛga - animal, deer, game
खगाः (khagāḥ) - birds, creatures moving in the sky
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of khaga
khaga - bird; creature moving in the sky (kha = sky, ga = going)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kha+ga)
- kha – sky, space, ether, zero
noun (neuter) - ga – going, moving
adjective (masculine)
From root gam (to go)
Root: gam (class 1)